ACM Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025

ACM Exam 2 Questions & Answers 2024/2025 Goals for treating arrhythmia - ANSWERS1. eliminate or attenuate symptoms, 2. prevent death or injury, 3. offset long-term risks Primary care approach to patient with an arrhythmia - ANSWERSWhich arrhythmia? Does it cause symptoms? Does it have prognostic significance? Is it life-threatening? Is treatment needed? Does the patient need to be in the hospital? Does cardiology need to be involved and if so, how urgently? Symptoms of arrhythmias - ANSWERSCan be asymptomatic. Palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, dyspnea, weakness, anxiety. Symptoms may be due to underlying heart disease (CHF, ischemia secondary to CAD) Initial evaluation of arrhythmia - ANSWERS- thorough history and physical - 12-lead EKG ideally in presence and absence of symptoms; and in sinus rhythm and arrhythmia - in selected patients with confusing or unusual arrhythmias: ambulatory monitoring and referral to electrophysiologist What to remember for patients with known CAD and arrhythmia: - ANSWERSthese patients are more complicated and at higher risk than those with no cardiovascular disease Does risk assessment involve a cardiologist? - ANSWERSOften it does Do asymptomatic arrhythmias need intervention? - ANSWERSRarely do they need urgent intervention Anatomy of conduction - ANSWERSPacemaker cells of SA node in right atrium are conducted along atrium to the AV node, through the AV junction, right and left bundle branches, and to the tissue of the ventricles