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samenvatting stofwisseling & hormonen

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samenvatting van diabetes, fysiologie van pancreas, fysiologie van hypothalamus & hypofyse

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SAMENVATTING STOFWISSELING
& HORMONEN
GROEIHORMOON (FYSIOLOGIE & FYSIOPATHOLOGIE)

SYNTHESE & SECRETIE VAN GH

o Adenohypofyse
 Gesyntheseerd door somatrotrope cellen
 Pulsatief & varieert minuut tot minuut
 Piekt tijdens slow-wave slaap
 Per 24 uur 10 pulsen per 90 minuten
 Leeftijdafhankelijk (meest bij puberteit)

GHRH (HYPOTHALAMO-HYPOFYSAIR-GROEIHORMOON)

o Gestimuleerd
 Catecholaminen
 Oestradiol, progesteron
 Stress
 Diepe slaap
 Serotonine
 ADH
 Ghreline
o Geïnhibeerd
 IGF-1 of somatomedine (lever)
 Groeihormoon
 Morfine
 REM slaap

! GHRH stimuleert & somastatine inhibeert release van
GH !

o GHEH Secretie door neurosecretoire cellen van
nucleus arcuatus
o Somatostatine secretie in periventriculaire
nucleus
o GHRH stimuleert
 Gentranscriptie, synthese van GH
 Proliferatie van somatotrope cellen

! somatostatine domineert over GHRH !

CONTROLE GH

o Negatieve feedback
 GH zelf
 IGF-1 (van lever, nier, spier, kraakbeen, bot (paracrien of autocrien)
 Thv hypofyse inhibeert IGF-1 de GH secretie

,  Onderdrukt release van GHRH
 Stimuleert secretie somatostatine

WERKING GH

o Acute effecten
 Stimulatie lipolyse
 Stimulatie gluconeogenen vnan
hepatocyten
 Inductie insulineresistentie spieren, lever,
adipocyt
o Lange termijn
 Plasmaspiegel IGF-1 stabiel (door binding
IGF-1 receptor)
o Anabool effect
 Stimulatie groei bij kinderen
 Stimulatie chrondocyten & osteoblasten
door IGF-1
o Overige effect:
 IGF-1
 Calciumretentie: meer botmineralisatie
 Spiermassie neemt toe
 Groei van organen (buiten hersenen)
 Stimulatie immuunsysteem
 Stimulatie renine, aldosteron, T3 productie
 IGF-1 onafhankelijk
 Erythropoïse
 Insulinogenense
 Gluconeogenese stijgt
 Lipolyse stijgt
 Meer opname AZ in cellen (meer eiwitsynthese)

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Written in
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Type
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