RSCR242 - Exam 1 Pilbeam CH1-5.docx

1. The body's mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is known as which of the following? - correct answer Spontaneous ventilation 2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration? - correct answer Alveoli and pulmonary capillaries 3. All of the following could be the cause of a paitent's peak pressure increasing from 35 to 45 cm H2O except Bronchospasm Resolving pulmonary edema The patient biting on the endotracheal tube Secretions in the airway - correct answer Resolving pulmonary edema 4. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as which of the following? a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) c. Transrespiratory pressure (PTR) d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL) - correct answer d. Transpulmonary pressure (PL) 5. The term used to describe the tendency of a structure to return to its original form after being stretched or acted on by an outside force is which of the following? a. Elastance b. Compliance c. Viscous resistance d. Distending pressure - correct answer A Elastance 6. The condition that causes pulmonary compliance to increase is which of the following? a. Asthma b. Kyphoscoliosis c. Emphysema d. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) - correct answer C Emphysema 7. Use this figure to compute the static compliance (CS) for an intubated patient with an exhaled tidal volume (VT) of 500 mL. a. 14 mL/cm H2O b. 20 mL/cm H2O c. 33 mL/cm H2O d. 50 mL/cm H2O - correct answer D 50mL/cn H2O 8. The ventilator that functions most physiologically uses which of the following? a. Open loop b. Double circuit c. Positive pressure d. Negative pressure - correct answer D Negative pressure 9. Plateau pressure (Pplateau) is measured during which phase of the ventilatory cycle? a. Inspiration b. End-inspiration c. Expiration d. End-expiration - correct answer B End-inspiration 10. Calculate airway resistance (Raw) for a ventilator patient, in cm H2O/L/sec, with the following information: Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) is 20 cm H2O, plateau pressure (Pplateau) is 15 cm H2O, PEEP is 5 cm H2O, and set flow rate is 50 L/min. a. 5 Raw b. 6 Raw c. 10 Raw d. 15 Raw - correct answer B 6 Raw Raw = (PIP - Pplateau)/flow Remember to convert 50L/min to seconds, so 50/60 = .833 and 5 / .833 = 6.02 11. Calculate the static compliance (CS), in mL/cm H2O, when PIP is 47 cm H2O, plateau pressure (Pplateau) is 27 cm H2O, baseline pressure is 10 cm H2O, and exhaled tidal volume (VT) is 725 mL. a. 43 CS b. 36 CS c. 20 CS d. 0.065 CS - correct answer A. Cs = Vt/(Pplat - PeeP) Cs = 725 / (27-10), Cs=725/17, 42.64=725/17 12. Air accidently trapped in the lungs due to mechanical ventilation is known as which of the following? a. Plateau pressure (Pplateau) b. Functional residual capacity (FRC) c. Extrinsic positive end expiratory pressure (extrinsic PEEP) d. Intrinsic positive end expiratory pressure (intrinsic PEEP) - correct answer D Intrinsic positive end expiratory pressure (intrinsic PEEP) aka auto-peep 13. Which of the following statements is (are) true? I. During inspiration with positive pressure ventilation, intrapleural pressure becomes positive. II. During inspiration with negative pressure ventilation, intrapleural pressure is negative. III. During spontaneous ventiatilation, intrapleural pressure is most negative at the beginning of inspiration IV. During positive pressure ventilation, intrapleural pressure is about - 15 cmH2) - correct answer Chapter 2 D I, II, III I. During inspiration with positive pressure ventilation, intrapleural pressure becomes positive. II. During inspiration with negative pressure ventilation, intrapleural pressure is negative. III. During spontaneous ventiatilation, intrapleural pressure is most negative at the beginning of inspiration 14 The respiratory therapist enters modes and parameters into the ventilator with which of the following? a. Control logic b. Input power c. User interface d. Drive mechanism - correct answer C User interface 15. The function of the exhalation valve is to do which of the following? a. Adjust the flow going to the patient b. Close during exhalation to vent patient gas c. Seal the external circuit during inspiration d. Determine the volume being delivered - correct answer C Seal the external circuit during inspiration 16. In the image, what does "B" represent? See figure in question 16 sorry a. Expiratory valve line