Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology.docx

Anatomy - correct answer Study of Structure Physiology - correct answer Study of Function The common functions of all living things include - correct answer 1-Reponsiveness 2-Growth 3-Reproductive 4-Movement 5-Metabolism Gross Anatomy or Macroscopic - correct answer Visible to Unaided eyes Surface Anatomy - correct answer Study of general form and superficial markings Regional Anatomy - correct answer Study of all superficial and internal features in a specific region of the body Systemic Anatomy - correct answer The structure of major organ systems (group of organs that function together in a coordinated manner) Microscopic Anatomy - correct answer Concerns structures that cannot be seen without magnification Cytology - correct answer Study of Cells Histology - correct answer Study of Tissues Human Physiology - correct answer Study of the functions of Human body Cell Physiology - correct answer Study of the functions of living cells Special Physiology - correct answer Study of the specific organs Systemic Physiology - correct answer Study of the Specific Organ System Pathological Physiology or Pathology - correct answer Study of Disease 6 Levels of Oragnization - correct answer 1-Chemical (or molecular) Atoms 2-Cellular 3-Tissues 4-Organs 5-Organs System 6-Organism Homeostasis - correct answer The existence of a stable internal environment. If homeostasis fail, organ systems begin to malfunction, producing a state known as illness, or disease. Homeostatic Regulator - correct answer 1-Receptor-sensitive to change 2-Control Center-received and processes 3-Effector-respond to the command of control center and apposes or reinforces the stimulus Negative Feedback - correct answer Triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation. Positive Feedback - correct answer Reinforces that responses Anatomical Position - correct answer Hands at the sides with the palms facing forward, and feet together Supine Position - correct answer Lying down facing up Prone Position - correct answer Lying down facing down 4 Abdominopelvic Quadrants - correct answer 1-Right Upper Quadrant 2-Left Upper Quadrant 3-Right Lower Quadrant 4-Left Lower Quadrant 9 Abdominopelvic Regions - correct answer 1-Umbilical--center 2-Epigastric--upper center 3-Hypogastric--lower center 4-5 Right and Left Hypochondriac--upper 6-7 Right and Left Lumbar--center 8-9 Right and Left Inguinal--lower Anatomical Directions - correct answer Superior-Above Inferior-Below Posterior or Dorsal-Back Anterior or Ventral-Front Cranial-Head Caudal-Butt Superfical-Body Surface Deep-Farther from the body surface Proximal-Toward an attached base Distal-Away from na attached base Medial-Toward the body longitudinal axis Lateral-Away the body longitudinal axis 3 Sectional Planes - correct answer 1-Transverse Plane-Head to Foot axis of the body dividing the body into SUPERIOR (top) AND INFERIOR (bottom) portions. (cross section) 2-Frontal Plane or Coronal Plane-Side to Side axis of the body dividing the body into ANTERIOR (back) AND POSTERIOR (front) portions. 3-Sagittal Plane-Front to Back axis of the body dividing the body into LEFT AND RIGHT portions. MIDSAGITTAL SECTION- divided body in even portions left and right (Note that a midsagittal section does not cut through the legs) Body Cavities - correct answer 1-Protect Organs 2-allow to change in size and shape of an organs (expand or compress) Ventral Body Cavity or Coelom - correct answer It contains organs of the Respiratory, Cardiovascular, Digestive, Urinary and Reproductive Systems. Diaphragm - correct answer A flat muscular sheet divides the ventral body cavity into a superior THORACIC CAVITY bounded by the chest wall, and an inferior ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY Viscera - correct answer The internal ORGANS within the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities