GACE Special Education General Curriculum STUDY GUIDE GRADE A+ SOLUTION

Project-based learning Student-centered pedagogy in which students actively explore real-world challenges. Content can be personalized for diverse learners. Provide periodic review of lessons How can teachers best help students with intellectual disabilities retain previously acquired skills? Word-attack skills The set of skills a student uses to recognize and understand words (e.g. context clues, visual recognition strategies, decoding, sounding out, etc.). Similar (students are more likely to transfer learning when the classroom situation & the new situation are similar; i.e. authentic assignments) To help students transfer learned skills to new situations, teachers should make the learning situation and the opportunity to apply the skill as ____________________ as possible. A student must have a permanent or fluctuating hearing loss that affects the student's educational performance but is not included under the definition of deafness. What is the IDEA definition of hearing impairment? Curriculum-Based Assessment A method of monitoring student educational progress through direct assessment of academic skills. C. Evaluating progress using IEP objectives Which of the following is an example of a curriculum-based assessment? A. Using RTI to compare student performance B. IQ test scores C. Evaluating progress using IEP objectives D. Standardized testing Assessment in the student's native language For a bilingual student, what type of extra assessment is necessary to determine baseline skills? Heterogeneous grouping Forming groups of students with diverse abilities (helpful for students with special needs to be included with stronger peers) Homogeneous grouping Forming groups of students with similar abilities (does not promote inclusion) C. phonics and word recognition Students with learning disabilities benefit from a whole-language approach in combination with direct instruction in: A. auditory comprehension B. visual-motor integration C. phonics and word recognition D. visual memory skills D. provide technology software for home use In order to promote successful use of assistive technology, teachers should try to _____________ whenever possible. A. provide homework that utilizes the technology B. limit work that does not use the technology C. allow the entire class to use the same technology D. provide technology software for home use Stanine (STAndard NINE) A method of scaling test scores on a nine-point standard scale with a mean of five and a standard deviation of two. 5 - Average 1 - Lowest 9 - Highest What Stanine score indicates an average skill level? What is the lowest possible Stanine score? What is the highest possible Stanine score? Grade-equivalent score Type of scoring that represents the grade level and month of the typical (median; 50th percentile) score for students. A grade-equivalent score of 4.2 indicates a score that the typical student would earn in the second month of 4th grade. Explain what a grade-equivalent score of 4.2 means. Remedial instruction One-on-one or small group instruction that focuses on the needs of the individual student. Compensatory approach Instructional approach that looks for ways to build on a student's strengths and work around weaknesses when remedial instruction has not made the desired progress. Metacognitive strategy Instructional approach used to help students understand the way they learn and allow students to think about their thinking. Scripted reading instruction A commercial reading program where the program, not the classroom teacher, determines what the teacher says during instruction and/or the particular lessons and the instructional pace. B. shares all responsibilities, including both behavior management and academic content, with the general education teacher In inclusion settings, the special education teacher: A. acts as an assistant to the general education teacher B. shares all responsibilities, including both behavior management and academic content, with the general education teacher C. observes the general education teacher and offers advice and support for his or her independent teaching D. manages the behavior concerns of special education students while the general education teacher focuses on academic content Response cost A behavior management procedure in which reinforcers are withdrawn as a consequence for inappropriate behavior in an attempt to decrease the behavior. This system is often used with a token economy and needs to be tied to the occurrence of specific, observable behavior. A. visual reminders of appropriate behavior For students with autism, which of the following is likely to help increase appropriate behavior? A. visual reminders of appropriate behavior B. peer buddy to help regulate behavior C. allowing students to opt out of frustrating academic tasks D. seating students at the front of the classroom C. learners with disabilities will have an opportunity to achieve that is commensurate with that of their peers On the basis of such cases as Hudson v. Rowley (1982), the courts determined that "appropriate education" means that: A. students will have all the resources and related services needed to fulfill their potential B. services that maximize achievement will be provided to students as long as the cost is not prohibitive C. learners with disabilities will have an opportunity to achieve that is commensurate with that of their peers D. interpreters will be provided for all deaf students Hudson v. Rowley (1982) Court case that defined the term "free and appropriate education" in the "least restrictive environment" E. Both A & D CONTINUED......