NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified Answers

NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified Answers Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders. Diagnosing is made by history, physical, and serological findings. Since some blood tests are more genetic, results can be imprecise. Markers can be elevated in the presence of other diseases. Criteria for diagnosis: evidence of an autoimmune reaction, immunological findings are not second to other conditions, and no other causes are found. Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific response to an antigen? A. Innate immunity - B. Adaptive immunity C. Autoimmunity D. Active immunity What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign molecules? A. Antigen presenting cells B. Regulatory cells - C. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule D. Effector cells T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity? Cell-mediated Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus? A. IgM B. IgA - C. IgG D. IgD E. IgE Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body? A. Lymphocytes B. Eosinophils C. Basophils - D. Neutrophils Which is NOT a finding consistent with Graves' disease? A. Exophthalmos - B. Hypothyroidism C. Hyperthyroidism D. Goiter E. Corneal ulceration A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to the emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people with anaphylaxis should always carry? 1) shortness of breath, skin redness/hives, abdominal cramping