CSU LIFE 102 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS SOLVED 100% CORRECT!

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15. This tells us that... - Answer-there must be 15 protons True or False: covalent bonds are stronger than ionic and hydrogen bonds because atoms that are joined with covalent bonds share electrons - Answer-True An e- in a hydrogen atom exists in the first valence shell. The valence e- of Aluminum exist in the 3rd shell. Which valence shell e- have higher potential energy and why? - Answer-the valence e- of aluminum, bc higher e- shells have higher energy A covalent bond is likely to be polar when - Answer-one atoms sharing e- is much more electronegative than the other atom What property of water allows the formation of water droplets? - Answer-Cohesion How many molecules are present in one mole of the hydrocarbon, Cyclohexane (c6h12) - Answer-6.02x 10^23 Scientific theory - Answer-an explanation about the natural world is based on facts, laws, and widely tested hypotheses Processing energy, growing, reproducing, evolutionary adaptations, and more are examples of - Answerthe unity of life when atoms are assembled into compounds, traits in those compounds that are not present in the original atoms are an example of - Answer-emergent properties If you change the # of neutrons in an atom, you create an... - Answer-isotope about 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter? - Answer-CHON: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogenTrue or false: ionic bonds form when two charged ions (such as Na+ and Cl-) share an electron - AnswerFalse Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because - Answer-the bonds that hold together the atoms in a water molecule are polar covalent bonds Why does ice float in water? - Answer-Stable hydrogen bonds keep water molecules of ice further apart than water molecules of liquid water (crystaline structure) Why are hydrocarbons insuluable in water? - Answer-the majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages Organic molecules show an array of diversity in structure, thus demonstrating a diversity in function. Which does NOT contribute to the formation of this diversity? - Answer-can rotate around double bonds correct: carbon chain branching, carbon chain length, ability to form rings, double bond position (CANT ROTATE AROUND DOUBLE BONDS) Structural Isomers - Answer-same chemical formula, but different bonding, shape or orientation Enantiomers - Answer-mirror images Cis- isomer - Answer-same side (ex. bottom) trans isomer - Answer-opposite sides You find an unknown liquid in a lab When you test the pH, you find that the [c] of OH- is much higher than H+. What does this tell you about the properties of this liquid? - Answer-It is a baseTrue or false: Phospholipids are an example of a molecule that is amphipathic- that is, they have one end that is polar and another that is nonpolar - Answer-True Upon chemical analysis, a particular peptide was found to contain 100 amino acids. How many peptide bonds are present in this protien? - Answer-99 Starch and cellulose are made from different isomers of glucose, and thus differ in the placement of a hydroxyl group. This difference in structure leads to a difference in function. What kind of macromolecule do these represent and what are their representative functions? - AnswerCarbohydrates: starch stores energy, while cellulose provides structural support One of the ways that DNA differs from RNA is - Answer-DNA and RNA have different pentose sugars (deoxyribose and ribose sugars + nucleotides) Thymine and Uricil which two functional groups are ALWAYS found in amino acids? - Answer-carboxyl and amino if one strand of DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'-GTTCAAC-3', the other complimentary strand would have the sequence: - Answer-3'-CAAGTTG-5' Adenine is a - Answer-purine and has 2 rings When a centrofuge is used to perform cell fractionation, the goal is to... - Answer-seperate the major organelles, such as the nuclei, mitochondria, and ribosomes Which side of the Golgi apparatus recieves vesicles that are sent from the ER - Answer-cis- face true or false: the nucleus limits what enters and exits the nucleus by having both nuclear pores and one densley- packed phospholipid bilayer - Answer-false Nuclear pores - Answer-allows transport to and from the nucleous for only specific molecules and protiensnuclear envelope - Answer-encloses nucleus "double membrane" (2 lipid bilayers) Ribosomes are made up of - Answer-RNA and protiens Which organelle is responsible for digesting food that comes into the cell, as well as breaking down damaged cellular parts - Answer-lysosomes Which of the following is a compartment that often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell - Answer-central vacuole which kind of cytoskeletal fiber makes up cilia and flagella - Answer-microtubules Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through: - Answer-cell junctions cell junctions in plants are called - Answer-plamsmodesmata The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which structure is primarily involved in this process and therefore, abundant in liver cells - Answer-Smooth ER True or false: Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own circular DNA that is seperate from the DNA found in the nucleus of the cell - Answer-True True or false: water can use passive transport to cross a membrane via osmosis by use of aquaporins. This process does not require energy - Answer-True