Galen Cincinnati Pharm Exam 3 With 100% Correct And Verified Answers

Galen Cincinnati Pharm Exam 3 With 100% Correct And Verified Answers Furosemide - Correct Answer-(class= loop diuretic)-potassium wasting-need potassium supplement Therapeutic use=treat HF, HTN (hypertension), peripheral edema Side effects: nausea, diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, muscle cramps, HA Adverse: Hypokalemia (muscle cramps, leg cramps), orthostatic hypotension Take with food, eat foods high in potassium Nursing process: drug history, vital signs, weight, urine output (30ml/hr or less 600ml/day), monitor labs, take in the am, rise slowly Increased chance of Digoxin toxicity=hypokalemia increases risk of toxicity Spironolactone - Correct Answer-( class= potassium sparing diuretic) therapeutic use =peripheral & pulmonary edema, hypertension, HF side effects: N&V, diarrhea, HA, weakness, muscle cramps No need for potassium supplements At risk for hyperkalemia-monitor (this is a severe adverse reaction) Adverse: hepatotoxicity Nursing process: drug history, vital signs, weight, urinary output (30ml/hr or 600ml/day report), signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia, give in the am, avoid foods high in potassium, take with or after meals, avoid sunlight Hydrochlorothiazide - Correct Answer-(class =Thiazide diuretic) Therapeutic effect=increase urine output and treat HTN , edema Dig toxicity if hypokalemia with thiazide Side effects: muscle cramps, dizziness, HA, N&V, diarrhea Adverse: orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia,(low sodium) Nursing process: vital signs, weight, urine output, labs, check for pitting edema, Emphasize adherence, take in the am, no herbals, rise slowly when changing positions, eat foods rich in potassium, take with food Mannitol - Correct Answer-(class=Osmotic diuretic) therapeutic use/effect=decrease ICP and IOP side effects: fluid and electrolyte imbalance, N&V, tachycardia Diuresis occurs 1-3 hours after given by IV route Do not use with heart disease, HF Metoprolol - Correct Answer-(class= beta blocker) therapeutic use is to control HTN side effects: N&V, HA, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, weakness Adverse effects are low HR and BP Remember lol but not with asthma Labs: check hepatic enzymes=may increase with beta blocker propranolol - Correct Answer-(class=beta blocker) therapeutic use control HTN side effects: dizziness, sleep disorders adverse: bradycardia, do not give with asthma nursing process with beta blockers: medication and herbal history, check renal and liver function labs, monitor vital signs, teach compliance, do not stop abruptly, no OTC meds with ok from MD, teach how to take pulse & BP, rise slowly, African Americans need a diuretic with a beta blocker to make it more effective valsartan - Correct Answer-(class-Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) therapeutic use =treat HTN and HF side effects: dizziness, drowsiness, HA adverse: orthostatic hypotension, elevated liver enzymes Potent vasodilator Prazosin - Correct Answer-(class=Alpha-adrenergic blocker) therapeutic use-to control HTN side effects: dizziness, drowsiness, HA, peripheral edema adverse: orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, elevated liver enzymes nursing process: med history, baseline vital signs and weight, urinary output (600ml/day report), daily weight=prazosin may cause sodium & water retention so check extremities-report to MD, do not stop abruptly, rise slowly, teach how to take a BP, Daily weight, no OTC meds without MD ok, report if edema is present in the morning Lisinopril - Correct Answer-(class=Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor) therapeutic use=treat HTN and HF may cause hypotension, HA, dizziness, syncope African Americans do not respond to ACE inhibitors unless taken with a diuretic Do not give during pregnancy Cough, constant, irritated Nursing process: drug and herbal history, baseline vital signs, lab values (renal), monitor BP, do not stop abruptly, no OTC meds, rise slowly, avoid foods high in potassium Nifedipine - Correct Answer-(class=calcium channel blocker) Uses: hypertension May cause dizziness, HA, weakness, palpitations Isoniazid (INH) - Correct Answer-(class=Antitubercular) therapeutic use=treats active TB and prophylactic measure against TB Take one hour before or two hours after meals First line treatment Side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision