ACS Biochemistry Exam Questions and Correct Solutions 2024

ACS Biochemistry Exam Questions and Correct Solutions 2024 What is a nucleotide? - Answer -Nucleotides are the monomer unit of nucleic acids. They're composed of a nitrogenous base, 5-carbon sugar and a phosphate group What is a biopolymer? - Answer -A polymer that is made by a living organism Nucleic acids are biopolymers of what? - Answer -DNA and RNA What are the key features of DNA? - Answer -DNA is more stable carries genetic information double-stranded What are the key features of RNA? - Answer -RNA is less stable Most forms are ntermediate in expression of genetic information Can form secondary structures by hydrogen bonding with itself (ex: tRNA) Usually single-stranded What are the types of RNA, and what do they do? - Answer -tRNA: transfer RNA, holds amino acids used in protein synthesis, wobble rRNA: ribosomal RNA, part of the ribosome siRNA: small interfering RNA,short term silencing of pleiotrophin coding genes, targets mRNA for degradation miRNA: micro RNA, silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression RNA serves a wide variety of purposes compared to DNA; they can also catalyze reactions Why does inosine display true wobble qualities? - Answer -Ff that is the first nucleotide in the anticodon then any of three bases in the original codon can be matched with the tRNA What are the two categories of nitrogenous bases? - Answer -Purine