Lowdermilk Chapter 29 exam questions and 100% correct answers

1. Preconception counseling is critical in the safe management of diabetic pregnancies. Which complication is commonly associated with poor glycemic control before and during early pregnancy? a. Frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia b. Congenital anomalies in the fetus c. Hydramnios d. Hyperemesis gravidarum - correct answer ANS: B Preconception counseling is particularly important since strict metabolic control before conception and in the early weeks of gestation is instrumental in decreasing the risk of congenital anomalies. Frequent episodes of maternal hypoglycemia may occur during the first trimester (not before conception) as a result of hormonal changes and the effects on insulin production and use. Hydramnios occurs approximately 10 times more often in diabetic pregnancies than in nondiabetic pregnancies. Typically, it is observed in the third trimester of pregnancy. Hyperemesis gravidarum may exacerbate hypoglycemic events because the decreased food intake by the mother and glucose transfer to the fetus contribute to hypoglycemia. 2. During a prenatal visit, the nurse is explaining dietary management to a woman with pregestational diabetes. Which statement by the client reassures the nurse that teaching has been effective? a. "I will need to eat 600 more calories per day because I am pregnant." b. "I can continue with the same diet as before pregnancy as long as it is well balanced." c. "Diet and insulin needs change during pregnancy." d.