ACE biology 1103 Exam Updated 2024 Answers

ACE biology 1103 Exam Updated 2024 Answers any organism with DNA enclosed in a nucleus - ANSWER- eukaryote any organism with DNA not enclosed in a nucleus. - ANSWER- prokaryote members of a large, diverse collection of eukaryotic organisms; classified in the kingdom plantae or protista. - ANSWER- algae single-celled algae; able to live independently - ANSWER- unicellular algae that form colonies of individual cells working together; some specialized cells. - ANSWER- colonial algae with groups of integrated, highly specialized cells - ANSWER- multicellular organism incapable of synthesizing its own food; must ingest nutrients from its environment. - ANSWER- heterotroph organism capable of producing its own food by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis - ANSWER- autotroph microscopic algae; base of food chain - ANSWER- phytoplankton relationship; organism of one species lives on or in an organism of another species; one or both organisms benefit. - ANSWER- symbiosis process of asexual reproduction; the DNA and cellular material of one cell divides to form two cells - ANSWER- binary fission process of sexual reproduction; cellular material of two cells fuses to produce a zygote - ANSWER- conjugation Green algae are classified in the kingdom___________________ because all but a few species are autotrophic with__________________________. - ANSWER- 1.Plantae 2. Chloroplasts The___________________ of a kelp, which is a type of brown algae, is made up of a stem-like, hollow tube structure called a stipe and leaf-like structures called blades - ANSWER- thallus The rigid cell walls of green, brown and red algae contain_________________but the cell walls of diatoms, golden algae, and yellow-green algae contain __________________. - ANSWER- 1. cellulose 2. silica An algal_________________ is an unusually rapid and widespread reproduction of algae that adversely affects the surrounding aquatic life. - ANSWER- an algal BLOOM _____________are heterotrophic, spore producing eukaryotes, such as molds, mushrooms, puffballs, and yeasts, which have cell walls containing_____________. - ANSWER- 1.Fungi 2. chitin A __________________ is a heterotrophic organism that feeds on dead or decaying matter. - ANSWER- saprotroph A ______________- is a parasitic organism that causes serious diseases in plants, animals, and humans. - ANSWER- pathogen Lichens are plant-like organisms consisting of ____________ and green algae living together in a symbiotic relationship. - ANSWER- fungi _______________ is a a chemical process of breaking down carbohydrates to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide. - ANSWER- fermentation A ___________ is a microscopic, thread-like strand that is a single, elongated, tubelike cell with many nuclei, and many of them twisted together make up the body of the fungus, or the____________. - ANSWER- ium ______________are the rootlike hyphae of a bread mold that grow down into a food source, anchor the fungus, secrete digestive enzymes, and absorb nutrients - ANSWER- rhizoids ____________Are hyphae that spread horizontally over the food source of the bread mold. - ANSWER- stolons the largest and most diverse group of multicellular fungi are ____________ fungi - ANSWER- sac A saclike hypha called a__________ forms a tube-shaped capsule filled with ascospores in the fruiting body of a sac fungus. - ANSWER- ascus ____________fungi, which are the second-largest group of fungi, have club-shaped reproductive structures called _______________ and include smut, rust, mushrooms, puffballs, and bracket fungi. - ANSWER- 1. club 2. basida On the underside of the _____________fungi, which is the cone-shaped part at the top of the mushrooms fruiting body, are flat layers of gills lined with spore-containing basidia. - ANSWER- cap ____________Is the branch of science that deals with the formation, structure, and function of cells - ANSWER- cytology The _________is the basic unit of living things. - ANSWER- cell _____________consists of all the substance between the cell's membrane and nucleus - ANSWER- Cytoplasm tiny, organlike structures ; carry on metabolic processes within a cell. - ANSWERorganelles round or oval-shaped organelle that converts chemical energy into energy that can be used by the cell. - ANSWER- mitochondrion region of a cell that controls reproduction and the production of proteins and other organic molecules needed by the cell. - ANSWER- nucleus