Blood bank Exam 3 Questions & Answers 100% Correct!

Immune hemolytic anemia - ANSWER-shortened RBC survival mediated through the immune response, specifically by humoral antibody Three broad categories ~Alloimmune ~Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) ~Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) Alloimmune - ANSWER-the antibody is formed to an antigen introduced to the patient from a foreign blood sample Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) - ANSWER-the antibody is produced to an antigen on the patients RBC's A positive DAT in an anemic patient who has not been recently transfused is suggestive of AIHA Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) - ANSWER-the antibody is formed due to a drug the patient may be taking such as Cephalosporins (a class of antibiotics), most common cause Methyldopa Autoantibodies - ANSWER-Antibodies that are directed against the individual's own RBCs are termed autoantibodies or autoagglutinins Identification of an autoantibody may explain decreased RBC survival in vivo. If a patient's RBCs are coated with autoantibody, the patient may present with: Serologic ABO discrepancy A positive Rh control A positive DAT A positive autocontrol on the antibody screen All cells on antibody screen and panel including the autocontrol in some patients with hemolytic anemia, autoantibodies cannot be demonstrated by routine techniques. What percent of normal and hospitalized blood donors have positive DAT's with no evidence of hemolytic anemia - ANSWER-0.1% of normal blood donors up to 15% of hospitalized patients cold reactive - ANSWER-mostly due to anti-compliment optimal temperature of reactivity:(4°C to 30°C) ~autoagglutinins account for about 18% of cases frequently encountered in serologic testing