Praxis Principles of Learning and Teaching Grades 7-12 Exam Prep Questions and Answers

Bandura Theorist - "Social Learning Theory" Children learn by observing others. Model behaviors and skills. Cognitive and Behavioral. 1. attention 2. retention 3. motor reproduction 4. motivation Bruner Theorist - Cognition - "Constructivist Theory." Discovery learning and scaffolding. Learning is an active process, learners construct ideas based on knowledge or past experiences. Instruction should allow students to discover information by themselves (dialog). (1) predisposition towards learning, (2) the ways in which a body of knowledge can be structured so that it can be most readily grasped by the learner, (3) the most effective sequences in which to present material, and (4) the nature and pacing of rewards and punishments Dewey Learning Through Experience and father of progressive education. Project-based learning, cooperative learning. Learning is a process of living. Teach children to be problem solvers. "Just Dew it" Piaget Theorist (Biology and Philosophy) - "Genetic Epistemology." - wanted to know how knowledge developed in human organisms 4 Stages of Cognitive Development. sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, and formal operations.