Astro 7N Exam 1 questions and answers graded A+ 2024/2025

Astro 7N Exam 1The force of gravity by the Sun keeps the planet in orbit around it, but how do the planets affect the sun? - correct answer They exert an equally strong pull on the sun, causing it move slightly Newton's First Law - correct answer An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. ex: if the sun suddenly disappeared, the Earth would continue in the direction that it was traveling in its orbit at that time Newton's Second Law - correct answer The acceleration of a body due to a force will be in the same direction as the force, with magnitude directly proportional to its mass Force = mass x acceleration A smaller mas will move faster, if the same force is applied to it Newton's Third Law - correct answer For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction The Sun exerts force on planets, and they orbit it - he planets exert equal force on Sun, but it only moves slightly because of its very large mass relative to the planets Surface Gravity on a Planet - correct answer the strength of gravity: g = m/r^2 where M is the mass of the planet and R is its radius. Note the radius is squared but the mass is not. More mass = more gravity. - If the mass of a planet were twice that of another, but they had the same radius, the gravity felt on the surface of the more-massive one would be twice as strong.