AP Gov Required Court Cases Real Exam Questions And Well Elaborated Answers.

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) - correct answer Established supremacy of the U.S. Constitution and federal laws over state laws Marbury v. Madison (1803) - correct answer Established the principle of judicial review empowering the Supreme Court to nullify an act of the legislative or executive branch that violates the Constitution Schenck v. United States (1919) - correct answer Speech creating a "clear and present danger" is not protected by the First Amendment Brown v. Board of Education (1954) - correct answer Race-based school segregation violates the equal protection clause Mapp v. Ohio (1961) - correct answer Established exclusionary rule; illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court; Warren Court's judicial activism Baker v. Carr (1962) - correct answer Opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the "one person, one vote" doctrine by ruling that challenges to redistricting did not raise "political questions" that would keep federal courts from reviewing such challenges Engel v. Vitale (1962) - correct answer School sponsorship of religious activities violates the establishment clause Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) - correct answer Guaranteed the right to an attorney for the poor or indigent Miranda v. Arizona (1966) - correct answer that upon arrest, a suspect has the right to remain silent and the right to consult with a lawyer Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969) - correct answer Public school students have the right to wear black armbands in school to protest the Vietnam War New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) - correct answer Bolstered the freedom of the press, establishing a "heavy presumption against prior restraint" even in cases involving national security Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) - correct answer Compelling Amish students to attend school past the eighth grade violates the free exercise clause Roe v. Wade (1973) - correct answer Extended the right of privacy to a woman's decision to have an abortion Buckley v. Valeo (1976) - correct answer Limits on election spending in the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 are unconstitutional (struck down donation/spending limits) Shaw v. Reno (1993) - correct answer Legislative redistricting must be conscious of race and ensure compliance with the Voting Rights Act of 1965 United States v. Lopez (1995) - correct answer Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime McDonald v. Chicago (2010) - correct answer The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) - correct answer Political spending by corporations, associations, and labor unions is a form of protected speech under the First Amendment