2356 NURS Endocrine (julie) Test Questions And Answers

2356 NURS Endocrine (julie) Test Questions And Answers What gland is ADH secreted from? - ANSWER- Posterior pituitary What does ADH do? (4) - ANSWER- - *F*acilitates concentration of urine. - *I*mpacts re-absorption of water. - *M*anage fluids. - *M*aintain kidney status. 2 primary disorders involving ADH: - ANSWER- - Diabetes insipidus (DI). - Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). define DI: - ANSWER- "Diabetes insipidus". - inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. 2 types of DI: - ANSWER- *Central (neurogenic)*. -inadequate production of ADH (vasopressin). *Nephrogenic*. -ineffective action of ADH in the kidneys. central DI is caused by: ex's (4): - ANSWER- inadequate production of vasopressin (ADH). - *N*eurosurgery. - *B*rain tumors. - *B*rain trauma. - *C*NS infection. nephrogenic DI is caused by: ex's (4): - ANSWER- ineffective action of vasopressin in the kidneys. - *A*dverse drug reaction. - *D*rug toxicity. - *i*llness. - *G*enetic. 4 s/s of DI: - ANSWER- - *P*olyuria (↑ urine). - *P*olydipsia (↑ thirst). - *H*ypernatremia/*D*ehydration [*HIGH and DRY*] - *D*ilute urine (low specific gravity)/↓BP. DI Medication Management: - ANSWER- *Central DI*. -DDAVP (desmopressin acetate). [hormone replacement - not enough ADH]. *Nephrogenic DI*. -thiazide diuretic. [gets rid of Na+]. DI Education Management: (5) - ANSWER- - *M*edical alert bracelet (snack, potty, and drink privileges at school). - *A*vailability of fluids, day and night. - *I*ntake and output (weighing diapers). - *D*aily weights (help manage hydration). - *S*igns of dehydration. 3 more common s/s of dehydration in children with DI: - ANSWER- *S*unken fontanels. *N*o wet diapers (should have 6-8 per day). *D*ry mucous membranes. SIADH is caused by: leads to and then causing: - ANSWER- excessive secretion of ADH. → excessive water reabsorption. - causing water intoxication and hyponatremia. SIADH cause ex's (5): - ANSWER- *C*NS infections (meningitis). *B*rain tumors. *C*hildren receiving positive pressure ventilation. *B*rain trauma. *Pulmonary disorders in children (pneumonia, asthma, cystic fibrosis). 6 s/s of SIADH: - ANSWER- *F*luid and electrolyte imbalance. *i*↑BP (concern for cerebral edema - neuro checks needed to rule out confusion, HA, lethargy) ↓*N*a/Crackles in the lung fields. [*LOW and WET*]. *D*istended jugular veins. *W*eight gain without edema. *C*oncentrated urine with (high specific gravity) ↓ urine output. managing SIADH: (4) - ANSWER- *L*ab specimen collection and review. *E*ducation/meds. *F*luid restriction, strict I & O's. *T*reat underlying cause.