Molecular Biology Exam 1-Questions and Answers Graded A+

Molecular Biology Exam 1-Questions and Answers Graded A+ Molecular Biology - ANSWER-The branch biology that deals with the structure and function of the biological molecules essential to life Four classes of biological molecules - ANSWER-Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates Genome - ANSWER-All the genetic information of an organism The complete DNA sequence of an organism, which serves as its instructional blueprint Intergenic Regions - ANSWER-Noncoding DNA Gene - ANSWER-An inheritable unit that expresses a phenotype/genotype Region of DNA that controls a discrete hereditary characteristic Forward Genetics - ANSWER-Identify a gene responsible for a phenotype Random mutagenesis of a population of organisms followed by isolation of organisms with a given phenotype Reverse Genetics - ANSWER-Alter a specific gene and observe the phenotype Analysis of the consequences to the organism of directly inactivating a particular gene Bioinformatics - ANSWER-Whole genome sequencing Chromatin - ANSWER-Used to package the DNA of a chromosome in eukaryotes Complex of DNA and proteins The complex of DNA bound by proteins and assembled into the higher-order structure known as a chromosome Central Dogma - ANSWER-DNA------(Transcription)--->RNA------(Translation)---->Protein Covalent - ANSWER-Strong bond that holds molecules together Polar - ANSWER-A type of covalent bond that is caused by the uneven distribution of electrons Bond or molecule containing an uneven distribution of electric charge, with positive charge at one end and negative at the other Hydrogen Bond - ANSWER-When H is boded to NOF they forma weak attraction