PHARMACOLOGY BEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%

a client comes to an ambulatory clinic and announces with great enthusiasm, "I am an expert at all things medical as they apply to me, and I require zolpidem." The clients pupils are dilated and his heart rate and blood pressure elevated. Been there should suspect intoxication with which of the following substances? a. Alcohol b. Cocaine c. Barbiturates d. Heroin - ANSWERS-b. Cocaine .a client has been taking digoxin for one month. Then there should recognize with The following as a manifestation of digoxin toxicity? a. pulse rate of 100/min b. Blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg c. Wheezing d. vomiting - ANSWERS-d. vomiting .A client is taking ferrous sulfate orally. Which of the following findings reported by the client indicates that the medication is achieving its desired outcome? a. Passage of soft formed stool daily b. decrease number of viral illnesses c. Improved ability to fall asleep d. Increased tolerance to exercise - ANSWERS-d. Increased tolerance to exercise .A client is visiting her provider to follow up on routine laboratory work related to warfarin therapy for mitral valve replacement. The clients current INR is 5.0. Which of the following questions should the nurse asked based on the clients INR result? a. "have you been taking a vitamin K supplement?" b. "have you skipped the dose of your medication?" c. "did you have your partial thromboplastin Time levels drawn last week?" d. "have you noticed any bruising?" - ANSWERS-d. "have you noticed any bruising?" .a client whose post operative following an open reduction and internal fixation of a femoral fracture has prescriptions for PRN morphine sulfate and PRN acetaminophen. The nurse notes that the client is laughing and joking with a friend at the bedside. The client reports leg pain as an eight on a 0 to 10 scale. Based on these findings which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse? a. Report of findings to the charge nurse b. Document the findings and recheck in 2 two hours c. Give the morphine as prescribed. d. Give the acetaminophen as prescribed - ANSWERS-c. Give the morphine as prescribed. .A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of psychosis and is taking chlorpromazine. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to counter act the adverse effects of this medication? a. Suggest that the client supply anti-perspirant more frequently. b. help the client apply sunblock before going outside. c. give the client a list of over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication. d. Recommend that the client take the medication on an empty stomach. - ANSWERS-b. help the client apply sunblock before going outside. .a nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for sumatriptan. The nurse notes that the client takes fluoxetine. The nursing question the provider about the new prescription because the combination of these medications puts the client at risk for which the following adverse effects? a. tremors b. renal calculi c. dysphasia d. hearing loss - ANSWERS-a. tremors .a nurse is caring for a client who has schizophrenia and is to start therapy with risperidone. For which of the following should the nurse monitor to determine whether the treatment is effective? a. improved social interactions b. decreased obsessive-compulsive thoughts c. decreased hand tremors d. improved urinary control - ANSWERS-a. improved social interactions .A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methylprednisolone sodium succinate. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse plan to monitor? (select all that apply) a. White blood cell count b. Serum potassium c. Creatine phosphokinase d. Blood glucose - ANSWERS-a. White blood cell countb. Serum potassium d. Blood glucose .a nurse is caring for a client who is taking phenylephrine. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? a. increased drowsiness b. increased heart rate c. decreased blood pressure d. decreased WBC count - ANSWERS-b. increased heart rate .A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for levodopa/carbidopa. for which of the following should the nurse monitor and document as the priority finding? a. Dark urine b. Diaphoresis c. Anorexia d. Syncope - ANSWERS-d. Syncope .A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking levodopa/ carbidopa. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? a. The client is able to wash his face. b. the client experiences fewer seizures. c. the client reports decreased heartburn. d. the client is able to sleep through the night. - ANSWERS-a. The client is able to wash his face. .a nurse is collecting data from a client who has heart failure and has been taking digoxin and hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following findings and it is a manifestation of an adverse effect of these medications? a. Hyperactive reflexes b. Muscle weakness c. Hypoglycemia bophlebitis - ANSWERS-b. Muscle weakness .A nurse is collecting data from a client who is asking about taking celecoxib for treatment of joint pain. The nurse should recognize which of the following is a contraindication to receiving celecoxib? a. Hyperglycemia b. Allergy to penicillin c. History of myocardial infarction d. Peptic ulcer disease - ANSWERS-c. History of myocardial infarction .A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving theophylline for treatment of bronchial asthma. The nurse should recognize that which the following findings indicate theophylline toxicity? (select all that apply) a. Tachycardia b. Nausea c. Urinary retention d. Drowsiness e. Headache - ANSWERS-a. Tachycardiab. Nausea e. Headache .A nurse is collecting data from a client who received a tetanus and diphtheria Toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) booster immunization the previous day. which of the following client statements should alert the nurse to a potentially serious adverse effect of this vaccine? a. "I have a fever of 101°F" b. "I have a complete lack of appetite" c. "I've been feeling a little dazed and confused" d. "my arm is a bit red and puffy at the injection site" - ANSWERS-c. "I've been feeling a little dazed and confused .A nurse is collecting data from a client who states he has been taking ibuprofen for joint pain. After reviewing the clients medication administration record, which of the following medications should the nurse discuss the provider? a. Omeprazole b. Atrovastatin c. Lisinopril d. Metformin - ANSWERS-. Lisinopril .A nurse is monitoring A client who is to start therapy with spironolactone. Which of the following serum lab results should the nurse report to the provider? a. sodium 140 mEq/L b. potassium 5.3 mEq/L c. chloride 99 mEq/L d. magnesium 1.9 mEq/L - ANSWERS-b. potassium 5.3 mEq/L .A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication and a tablet to a client who is receiving enteral feeding through an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Mix a liquid medication with the tube feeding formula. b. Crush the tablet to mix with the liquid medication. c. Crush the tablet to mix with 30 ML warm water. d. Mix the liquid medication and 20 ML Cold water. - ANSWERS-c. Crush the tablet to mix with 30 ML warm water. .a nurse is preparing to administer cephalexin to a child who weighs 40 pounds. The provider prescribes 50 mg/kg/day in four equal doses. How many MG should the nurse administer in each dose? - ANSWERS-250 .a nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. Which of the following client identifiers is acceptable for the nurse to use prior to medication administration? a. Verify the client's telephone number b. Confirm the client's room number c. Ask the client to list his morning medications d. States the clients full name - ANSWERS-a. Verify the client's telephone number .a nurse is preparing to hang intravenous bag of cefazolin 1 g to be infused in 100 mL of normal saline to run over 30 minutes. If using tubing with a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL, at how many gtt/min well the nurse time this drip rate? - ANSWERS-50 gtt/min .a nurse is preparing to instill antibiotic eardrops for a client who has otitis extrerna. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. chilled medication before instilling it. b. use a cotton swab to remove any debris before instilling the eardrops. c. Pack the auditory canal with a cotton ball after instilling the drops. d. wiggle the earlobe after instilling the eardrops - ANSWERS-d. wiggle the earlobe after instilling the eardrops .a nurse is reinforcing teaching about comfort measures with the a 10-year-old child who has a viral infection. The nurse should plan to tell the parents that aspirin is contraindicated because of the risk for which of the following? a. juvenile idiopathic arthritis b. Reye's syndrome c. Glomerulonephritis d. Iron-defiency anemia - ANSWERS-b. Reye's syndrome .A nurse is reinforcing teaching about nicotine polacrilex gum with a client who smokes three packs of cigarettes per day. Which of the following statement should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "you can drink caffeinated beverages while chewing the gum" b. "you can chew two pieces of gum when you have the urge to smoke." c. "you should choose the gum for a full 30 minutes before discarding" d. "you should wait five minutes after eating to chew gum" - ANSWERS-c. "you should choose the gum for a full 30 minutes before discarding" .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client following placement of a cast for a fractured ankle. The client is to take oxycodone for pain management. When reviewing the clients over-the-counter medications, which of the following should the nurse instructed client to avoid wall taking oxycodone? a. docusate sodium b. ranitidine c. diphenhydramine d. Ibuprofen - ANSWERS-c. diphenhydramine .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client list rheumatoid arthritis and a new prescription for methotrexate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Avoid grapefruit juice b. Increase salt intake c. Avoid aged cheese d. Increase fluid intake - ANSWERS-d. Increase fluid intake;; .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for ciprofloxacin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse including the teaching? a. The client should drink 8 full glasses of water per day. b. The client should increase her exposure to sunlight. c. The client should take the medication with an antacid. d. The client should take this medication with 1 cup milk - ANSWERS-a. The client should drink 8 full glasses of water per day. .a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for colchicine to treat g gouty arthritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Abdominal pain b. Wheezing c. Excessive urination d. Tinnitus - ANSWERS-a. Abdominal pain .a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for regular insulin. Which of the following statements by the client indicated understanding of the teaching? a. "I should eat right after I give myself an insulin injection." b. "I should roll the vile gently prior to drawing up insulin" c. "I should identified up insulin is clear prior to drawing it up" d. "I should inject insulin insulin deep into the muscle." - ANSWERS-c. "I should identified up insulin is clear prior to drawing it up" .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with A client who has a new prescription for theophylline. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following is an expected outcome of this medication? a. dilate bronchioles b. reduces inflammation c. loosens secretions d blocks leukotrienes. - ANSWERS-a. dilate bronchioles .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for lithium. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Take the medication on empty stomach b. Monitor for signs of hyperthyroidism c. Watch for signs of urinary retention d. maintain a consistent sodium intake - ANSWERS-d. maintain a consistent sodium intake .a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has helicobacter pylori and a new prescription for tetracycline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Expect you're an to turn orange b. Take the medication with 240 ML milk c. Watch for excessive bleeding when brushing teeth d. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight - ANSWERS-d. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight .a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is receiving enalapril 20 mg PO daily. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? a. Facial flushing b. Blurred vision c. Muscle tremors d. Dry cough - ANSWERS-d. Dry cough .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking metformin for treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. The nurse should include in the teaching that medication decreases which of the following physiological factors? a. Cellular sensitivity to insulin b. Insulin release from the pancreas c. Glucose production in the liver d. Transport of glucose to the muscles. - ANSWERS-c. Glucose production in the liver .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with nitroglycerin transdermal patch. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? a. "while using the patch, I will be careful when rising from a chair." b. "I should leave the patch in place for 24 hours." c. "I should apply the patch to the same location with each application." d. "I will apply a new patch if I have chest pain." - ANSWERS-a. "while using the patch, I will be careful when rising from a chair." .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with regular insulin and NPH insulin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Keep the open vials of insulin at room temperature b. inject the insulin into the intradermal tissue. c. aspirate the medication prior to administration d. administer the insulin in two separate injections. - ANSWERS-Keep the open vials of insulin at room temperature .a nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who's about to start using an ipratropium inhaler to treat exercise-induced bronchospasm. Which of the following statements by the client should alert the nurse to intervene? a." I usually have a glass of red wine with dinner" b. "I'll make sure I use the inhaler four times a day." c. I'll rinse my mouth after I use the inhaler d. "I've always been allergic to peanuts" - ANSWERS-d. "I've always been allergic to peanuts" .A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the client was to start therapy with metronidazole for a urinary track infection. which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "your urine may become reddish-brown." b. "Store the medication in the refrigerator." c. "your position will monitor her hemoglobin levels." d. "discontinue the medication when symptoms are gone" - ANSWERS-a. "your urine may become reddish-brown." .a nurse is reviewing medication prescriptions for a group of clients.The nurse should recognize which of the following prescriptions could result in a medication administration error? emide 10.0 mg PO daily b. penicillin G benzathine 1.2 million units IM daily. c. albuterol two inhalations every six hours as needed d. insulin glargine 15 units subcutaneous daily at bedtime - ANSWERS-emide 10.0 mg PO daily