PHYS 1260 EXAM 1 DEWITT questions and answers,latest updates [GRADED A+]

PHYS 1260 EXAM 1 DEWITT questions and answers,latest updates [GRADED A+] Just as gravity is the study of a wide range of gravitational interactions, electricity is the study of a wide range of - CORRECT ANSWERS-electrical interactions Electricity is the name given to a wide range of electrical phenomena that, in one form or another, underlie just about everything around us Electrostatics is a branch of electricity that focuses on - CORRECT ANSWERS-both electrical charge and electrical force when static AKA static electricity. Electrostatics involves electric charges, the forces between them, the aura that surrounds them, and their behavior in materials. In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of - CORRECT ANSWERS-electrons that surround the nucleus Important facts about atoms: -Every atom is composed of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. -The electrons of all atoms are identical. Each has the same quantity of negative charge and the same mass. -Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus. (The common form of the hydrogen atom, which has no neutron, is the only exception.) Protons are about 1800 times more massive than electrons, but they carry an amount of positive charge equal to the negative charge of electrons. Neutrons have slightly more mass than protons and have no net charge. -Atoms usually have as many electrons as protons, so the atom has zero net charge. The pair of protons in the nucleus of a helium atom - CORRECT ANSWERS-attract a pair of orbiting electrons In helium, the atomic nucleus is composed of two protons and two neutrons. The positively charged protons attract two negative electrons. Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. The stronger of these two forces is - CORRECT ANSWERS-electrical Why don't the protons in the nucleus mutually repel and fly apart? What holds the nucleus together? The answer is that, in addition to electrical forces in the nucleus, even stronger nonelectrical nuclear forces hold the protons together and overcome the electrical repulsion. The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on a - CORRECT ANSWERS-specific large number of electrons The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb, abbreviated C. It turns out that 1 C is the charge associated with 6.25 billion billion electrons. The most important difference between gravitational and electrical forces is that electrical forces may be either attractive or repulsive, where- as gravitational forces are only attractive. Coulomb's law underlies the bonding forces between molecules that are essential in the field of chemistry. When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between them - CORRECT ANSWERS-quadruples Coulomb's law states that, for two charged objects that are much smaller than the distance between them, the force between the two objects varies directly as the product of their charges and inversely as the square of the separation distance. The electrical force between electric charges depends only on their - CORRECT ANSWERS- magnitude (strength of charge) and separation distance. The electrical force, like the gravitational force, decreases inversely as the square of the distance between charged bodies. Coulomb's law states that, for two charged objects that are much smaller than the distance between them, the force between the two objects varies directly as the product of their charges and inversely as the square of the separation distance. The most important difference between gravitational and electrical forces is that electrical forces may be either attractive or repulsive, where- as gravitational forces are only attractive. Coulomb's law underlies the bonding forces between molecules that are essential in the field of chemistry. The electrical force on a 2-C charge is 60 N. The electric field where the charge is located is - CORRECT ANSWERS-30 N/C An electric field has both magnitude (strength) and direction. The magnitude of the field at any point is simply the force per unit of charge. If a body with charge q experiences a force F at some point in space, then the electric field E at that point is 60/2=30 The electric field between oppositely-charged parallel plates is - CORRECT ANSWERS-uniform The electric field is depicted with vector arrows. The direction of the field is shown by the vectors and is defined to be the direction in which a small positive test charge at rest would be pushed.6 The direction of the force and that of the field at any point are the same. -If the ball were positively charged, the vectors would point away from its center because a positive test charge in the vicinity would be repelled. -If the ball were negatively charged, the vectors would point towards its center because a negative test charge in the vicinity would be attracted. -Lines of force for a pair of equal but oppositely charged particles would emanate from the positive particle and terminate on the negative particle. Electric potential, measured in volts, is the ratio of electrical potential energy to the amount of electric - CORRECT ANSWERS-charge A charged object has potential energy (PE) by virtue of its location in an electric field. We call the energy the particle possesses by virtue of its location electric potential energy. If the particle is released, it accelerates in a direction away from the sphere, and its electric potential energy changes to kinetic energy. -A spring has more mechanical PE when compressed. -A charged particle has more electric PE when pushed closer to the charged sphere. In both cases, the increased PE