BCNS CNS (Exam Edge) Test 1 Questions With Correct Answers.

BCNS CNS (Exam Edge) Test 1 Questions With Correct Answers. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to pregnancy-induced: Hypertension Premature Delivery A and B Asthma A and B Pregnancy-induced hypertension can cause cardiovascular and kidney problems later. Premature delivery is a leading cause of death among newborns. Inadequate nutrition of the mother is related to both mental and physical birth defects. No similar synthetic standards are available as of yet for the nutritional evaluation techniques. Rather, it is necessary to coordinate one's work with that of established laboratories. This may be accomplished by: Comparing the analytical values obtained by the laboratory involved in the local evaluation program Values obtained from submitting replicate samples under code to a standard reference laboratory A and B setting up your own standards A and B For the routine clinical chemical assay to work, standards, calibrators and plasma or serum controls must be in place with precision of analytical procedures by coordinating one's work with that of established laboratories. The analytical values must be compared by the laboratory involved and submitting replicate samples to a standard reference laboratory. In terms of ethical considerations for research, which of the following statements is least accurate? any present (but not potential) conflict of interest must be stated sources of funding for research must be reported an oversight committee must be available to review procedures all findings, both positive and negative must be reported any present (but not potential) conflict of interested must be stated Explanation This is the least accurate statement. Any present or potential conflicts of interest must be stated. Such things as owning stock in the company, or being a consultant to the company must be reported by the researcher - both present and potential. Currently, _____ % of calories in the U.S diets is derived from fat 20 30 36 40 30 The American Heart Association's newest recommendation is to consume less or no more than 7% of saturated fats, 8% polyunsaturated fats and 15% monounsaturated fats. The term for excessive hunger is which of the following? glycosuria polyuria polydipsia polyphagia polyphagia Explanation The inability to metabolize glucose causes the body to break down its own tissue for protein and fat. This response causes polyphagia, or excessive appetite, but at the same time a loss of weight, weakness, and fatigue occur. The body's use of protein from its own tissue causes it to excrete nitrogen. Elevated bilirubin is: nothing to be concerned about neurotoxic a concern for the heart none of the above Neurotoxic Explanation: Elevated bilirubin is neurotoxic and can lead to jaundice. It is conjugated with glucuronic acid in the liver and excreted into bile from the liver. Which of the following serum proteins has the function of transporting vitamin A in plasma? IGF-1 retinol-binding protein prealbumin albumin retinol-binding protein Retinol-binding protein transports vitamin A in plasma. It also binds noncovalently to prealbumin. It is catabolized in renal proximal tubular cells. When properly prepared most, samples: can be frozen- at least for a short period of time to await assay must remain frozen until assayed, particularly if they are to be shipped some distance to the analytical lab can be shipped with dry ice in a properly insulated polystyrofoam container all of the above all of the above Dry ice does not usually last more than 60-72 hours, under the best conditions. Some enzymes, such as transaminases, are destroyed by refreezing, so taking precautions are imperative. what is the term for a patient who has returned to his or her old behaviors? Maintenance Preparation Termination Relapse Relapse Explanation: When a patient returns to his or her former dietary patterns, it is referred to as a relapse. The Registered Dietitian will work with their patient to discuss their challenges and barriers to change, and then implement strategies to help guide them in the right direction. Vitamin K is often given to patients after excessive anticoagulant therapy because these drugs destroy the bacteria in the intestines to treat causes of hemorrhage A and B not an antidote for an overdose of blood thinners A and B Explanation: Vitamin K can be given as an antidote for an overdose of anticoagulant (blood thinner) such as warfarin - sometimes sold as Coumadin or Jantoven. Fats have all of the following functions EXCEPT: Providing Energy being part of cell membranes acting as a carrier for vitamin C protecting organs and bones from injury Acting as carrier for vitamin C Explanation: Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin. Fats act as carriers for fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. Nutrition is how the food you eat affects your body. For health, energy and growth, you need to do all of the following except: eat a variety of foods in moderate yet adequate amounts get the right balance of nutrients helps you look your best, and perform well as school and work consume about 8 cups of water per day the food choices you make today will not affect your health and quality of life for years to come the food choices you make today will not affect your health and quality of life for years to come Explanation: You need to eat a variety of foods in moderate yet adequate amounts. Food provides nutrients, chemicals that nourish your body so you can look your best, and perform well at school or work. It is important to consume about 8 cups of water per day. The food choices you make today will affect your health and quality of life for years to come. If a person is on a low-residue diet, he or she should avoid which of the following? Butter hard boiled eggs dried fruits cooked, mild-flavored vegetables dried fruits Explanation Dried fruits and vegetables, along with fresh fruits and vegetables should be avoided on a low-residue diet. Other things to avoid include: whole-grain breads and cereals, legumes, coconut, marmalade, tough meats, rich pastries, milk (unless allowed by physician), meats and fish with tough connective tissue, and potato skin. which of the following is considered a learned response? starvation hunger appetite all of the above Appetitie Explanation Hunger and/or starvation are physiological phenomenon; appetite is a learned response. Food intake is regulated by appetite control. Vitamin K is made up of several compounds that are essential to blood clotting. Vitamin K is found in dietary sources, especially which of the following? leafy green vegetables spinach animal tissue all of the above all of the above Explanation:: Vitamin K is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria and is also found in animal tissue. In addition, there is synthetic vitamin K known as menadione. Vitamin K is destroyed by light and alkalies. No matter what their form-fresh, frozen or canned, if they are handled properly, vegetables provide all of the following except: 'carbs' for energy high in fiber high in fat low in cholesterol high in fat explanation: Vegetables provide 'carbs' for energy, fiber and are low in fat and cholesterol. Fiber helps your digestive system work properly. They are packed with vitamins and minerals and other health-promoting benefits. The full version of the ASA-24 is avaliable only to registered users at a researcher website that includes all of the following except: researchers clinicians teachers students Students Explanation The full version of ASA-24 is available only to registered users at a researcher website, which allows researchers, clinicians, and teachers to register and obtain dietary analysis. For example, a teacher could register students in a nutritional assessment course who would be given the assignment of entering two or more 24-hour recalls over a specified period of time. Regular cigarette smokers should consume how much vitamin C daily? 75 mg 90mg 125 mg 250 mg Explanation 125 mg An excess of vitamin C can cause diarrhea, nausea, cramps, and an excessive absorption of food iron, rebound scurvy when mega doses are stopped abruptly, and possible oxalate kidney stones. The challenges facing herbal medicne research include all of the following except: using the same plant materials variability of the plant materials unknown active compounds difficulties in quality control Using the same plant materials Explanation The challenges faced in herbal medicine research include variability of plant materials, unknown active compounds, difficulties in quality control, and lack of safety evaluation. Challenges also include the selection and implementation of appropriate high-throughput screening bioassays, unclear mechanism of action, and the scale-up of active compounds. Which of the following would not be a characteristic of supportive communication? problem orientation neutrality equality provisonalism Neutrality Explanation Empathy should take the place of neutrality. The other choices are appropriate for supportive communication. Description is another characteristic and is better than evaluation. ___ and ___ work together to form hemoglobin Iron, zinc magensium, selenium iodine, copper iron, copper Iron and copper Explanation: Copper helps in the formation of collagen. It is also included in different enzymes. Copper works with iron to form hemoglobin. The functions of the stomach include which of the following? temporary storage of food mixing of food with gastric juices regulation of a slow, controlled empyting of food into the intestines all of the above all of the above Secretion of the intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 as well as the destruction of most bacteria inadvertently consumed are also functions of the stomach. The measure used to classify a person as underweight, normal, or obese is known as Body Mass Index Triceps skinfold Midarm circumference Midarm muscle circumference Body Mass Index Explanation A body mass index uses the patient's height and weight to obtain a value that is useful for determining nutritional status. An underweight person has a BMI of less than18.5. In terms of the pathophysiology of ingestion, a dysfunction of the esophagus is which of the following? Achalasia gastritis