BSN HESI 266 med surg BSN 266 HESI Med
Surg 50 Practice Exam (2023 2024 Update)
Questions and Verified Answers
1. A client who underwent cardiac stent placement four days ago arrives to the
emergency department reporting a sudden onset of chest pressure and shortness
of breath. Which action should the nurse take next?
a. Listen for extra heart sounds, murmurs, and rhythm with the bell ofthe
stethoscope.
b. Evaluate upper and lower extremities for perfusion, pulse volume,and
pitting edema.
c. Verify troponin level assessments are scheduled every 3-6 hoursfor a
series of three.
d. Obtain a 12- lead electrocardiogram and begin continuous
cardiacmonitoring.: D
2. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus arrives to the clinic reporting episodes
of weakness and palpitations. Which finding should the nurse recognize as a
possible complication? a. anxiety and sighing
b. myalgia in wrists and hands
c. hyperactive bowel sounds
d. dark yellow urine: B
3. While completing a health assessment for a client with migraine headaches,
the nurse assesses bilateral weakness in the clients hand grips. The client reports
joint pain and trouble twisting a door knob due to weaknesses. Which action
should the nurses take in response to these figures?
a. Implement fall precautions to reduce the clients risk of injury.
b. Explain that relief of the migraine pain will reduce relatedsymptoms.
,c. Gather additional assessment data about the pain and weakness.
d. Consult with the occupational therapist for a functional assessment: C
Explanation: The nurse should gather additional assessment data about the pain
and
weakness to better understand the client's condition and to determine if
there is an underlying issue or if the symptoms are related to the migraine
headaches.
4. . A client who has developed acute kidney injury (AKI) due to aminoglycoside
antibiotics has moved from the oliguric phase to the diuretic phase of AKI.
Which
parameters are most important for the nurse to plan to carefully monitor?
a. Uremic irritation of mucous membranes and skin surfaces.
b. Hypovolemia and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes.
c. Side effects of total parental nutrition (TPN) and Intralipids.
d. Elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).: B
Explanation: During the diuretic phase of AKI, the client may experience increased
urine output, which can lead to hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalances.
Monitoring for hypovolemia and ECG changes can help detect any complications
or worsening of the client's condition.
5. 6. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris who is
receiving psoralen and ultraviolet A light (PUVA) treatment. Which assessment
finding indicates that the client has been overexposed to the treatment? a. Thick
skin plaques topped by silvery white scales
b. Tenderness upon palpation and generalized erythema
c. Brown, rough, greasy, wart-like papules on the face
d. Requires sunglasses because sunlight hurts eyes: B
Explanation: Overexposure to PUVA treatment can cause skin irritation,
tenderness, and erythema. If the client exhibits these symptoms, the nurse should
notify the healthcare provider for possible treatment modifications.
, 6. 7. An adult client who had a gastric bypass surgery 2 weeks ago, is admitted
with
possible anastomosis leakage. The client's abdomen is tender to touch, and
the vital signs are temperature 101* F (38 3* C). heart rate 130 beats/minute,
respiratory rate 26 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 100/50 mmHg. Which
intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's plan
of care?
a. Encourage regular turning.
b. Monitor skin for breakdown.
c. Strict IV fluid replacement.
d. Assess wound drainage daily.: C
Explanation: The client's vital signs indicate possible sepsis or systemic
infection. Strict
IV fluid replacement is important to maintain adequate circulation, support
blood pressure, and treat potential sepsis. The other interventions are also
essential but not as critical as fluid replacement in this situation.
7. 8. A client who was recently diagnosed with Raynaud's disease is
concerned about pain management. Which nursing instructions should the
nurse provide?
a. Painful areas should be rubbed gently until the pain subsides.
b. Return appointments will be needed for IV pain medications.
c. Enrolling in a pain clinic can provide relief alternatives.
d. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against painfulspasms.: D
Explanation: For clients with Raynaud's disease, cold temperatures can
trigger painful episodes. Instructing the client to wear gloves when handling cold
items can help protect against these episodes and manage pain.
8. 9. A client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease asks the nurse about
dietary restrictions. How should the nurse respond?
a. Explain that the need to restrict fluids is the primary limitation.
b. Advise the client to limit foods that are high in calcium and iron.
c. Instruct the client to avoid foods with gluten, such as wheat bread.
d. Describe the use of an elimination diet to find trigger foods.: d
Surg 50 Practice Exam (2023 2024 Update)
Questions and Verified Answers
1. A client who underwent cardiac stent placement four days ago arrives to the
emergency department reporting a sudden onset of chest pressure and shortness
of breath. Which action should the nurse take next?
a. Listen for extra heart sounds, murmurs, and rhythm with the bell ofthe
stethoscope.
b. Evaluate upper and lower extremities for perfusion, pulse volume,and
pitting edema.
c. Verify troponin level assessments are scheduled every 3-6 hoursfor a
series of three.
d. Obtain a 12- lead electrocardiogram and begin continuous
cardiacmonitoring.: D
2. A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus arrives to the clinic reporting episodes
of weakness and palpitations. Which finding should the nurse recognize as a
possible complication? a. anxiety and sighing
b. myalgia in wrists and hands
c. hyperactive bowel sounds
d. dark yellow urine: B
3. While completing a health assessment for a client with migraine headaches,
the nurse assesses bilateral weakness in the clients hand grips. The client reports
joint pain and trouble twisting a door knob due to weaknesses. Which action
should the nurses take in response to these figures?
a. Implement fall precautions to reduce the clients risk of injury.
b. Explain that relief of the migraine pain will reduce relatedsymptoms.
,c. Gather additional assessment data about the pain and weakness.
d. Consult with the occupational therapist for a functional assessment: C
Explanation: The nurse should gather additional assessment data about the pain
and
weakness to better understand the client's condition and to determine if
there is an underlying issue or if the symptoms are related to the migraine
headaches.
4. . A client who has developed acute kidney injury (AKI) due to aminoglycoside
antibiotics has moved from the oliguric phase to the diuretic phase of AKI.
Which
parameters are most important for the nurse to plan to carefully monitor?
a. Uremic irritation of mucous membranes and skin surfaces.
b. Hypovolemia and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes.
c. Side effects of total parental nutrition (TPN) and Intralipids.
d. Elevated creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).: B
Explanation: During the diuretic phase of AKI, the client may experience increased
urine output, which can lead to hypovolemia and electrolyte imbalances.
Monitoring for hypovolemia and ECG changes can help detect any complications
or worsening of the client's condition.
5. 6. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris who is
receiving psoralen and ultraviolet A light (PUVA) treatment. Which assessment
finding indicates that the client has been overexposed to the treatment? a. Thick
skin plaques topped by silvery white scales
b. Tenderness upon palpation and generalized erythema
c. Brown, rough, greasy, wart-like papules on the face
d. Requires sunglasses because sunlight hurts eyes: B
Explanation: Overexposure to PUVA treatment can cause skin irritation,
tenderness, and erythema. If the client exhibits these symptoms, the nurse should
notify the healthcare provider for possible treatment modifications.
, 6. 7. An adult client who had a gastric bypass surgery 2 weeks ago, is admitted
with
possible anastomosis leakage. The client's abdomen is tender to touch, and
the vital signs are temperature 101* F (38 3* C). heart rate 130 beats/minute,
respiratory rate 26 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 100/50 mmHg. Which
intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the client's plan
of care?
a. Encourage regular turning.
b. Monitor skin for breakdown.
c. Strict IV fluid replacement.
d. Assess wound drainage daily.: C
Explanation: The client's vital signs indicate possible sepsis or systemic
infection. Strict
IV fluid replacement is important to maintain adequate circulation, support
blood pressure, and treat potential sepsis. The other interventions are also
essential but not as critical as fluid replacement in this situation.
7. 8. A client who was recently diagnosed with Raynaud's disease is
concerned about pain management. Which nursing instructions should the
nurse provide?
a. Painful areas should be rubbed gently until the pain subsides.
b. Return appointments will be needed for IV pain medications.
c. Enrolling in a pain clinic can provide relief alternatives.
d. Wearing gloves when handling cold items guards against painfulspasms.: D
Explanation: For clients with Raynaud's disease, cold temperatures can
trigger painful episodes. Instructing the client to wear gloves when handling cold
items can help protect against these episodes and manage pain.
8. 9. A client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease asks the nurse about
dietary restrictions. How should the nurse respond?
a. Explain that the need to restrict fluids is the primary limitation.
b. Advise the client to limit foods that are high in calcium and iron.
c. Instruct the client to avoid foods with gluten, such as wheat bread.
d. Describe the use of an elimination diet to find trigger foods.: d
