Introduction to Insect and Disease Management Questions and Answers Graded A+

Introduction to Insect and Disease Management Questions and Answers Graded A+ In most pest control situations, all we want to do is __________ the pest populations to an acceptable level. Surpress Pest Identification Identification and Biological Information Thresholds Environmental Conditions IPM Methods Resistant Varieties Crop Rotation Cultural Control Methods Mechanical and Physical Control Regulatory Controls Biological Control Sanitation Chemical Controls Resistant Varieties IPM Planting resistant varieties. Genetic defenses such as protective physiological or physical characteristics that reduce plant susceptibility to pests. Crop Rotation IPM Rotation to other plants reduces the food source and can drastically reduce pest numbers. Rotation may offer benefits such as increased soil fertility and reduced soil erosion. Cultural Control Methods IPM Cultural practices that act as controls and can prevent pests from developing. Methods involve practices such as tillage, varying planting time, fertilizing, irrigating, pruning, and thinning. Mechanical and Physical Control IPM Considered forms of cultural control. They prevent the spread or reduce the size of the pest population. Include the use of of mechanical traps, barriers, light, sound, heat, cold, and electrocution. Regulatory Controls IPM Regulatorym or legal controls, attempt to limit the spread of pest populations by restricting human activities. Quarantines, Inspections, Embargoes, Compulsory plant or Animal destruction, and similar actions are legal control methods. Biological Control IPM Naturally occuring species of insects, mites, nematodes, and disease agents are predators and parasites of agricultural and ornamental plant pests. Long term management strategy. Not eliminate but reduce the pest population. Sanitation IPM Cleanup measures to remove diseased or infested plant materials. May involve removing debris to eliminate breeding sites and food supplies for pests. Chemical Controls IPM Pesticides. The application of a chemical pesticide may be the most effective, most economical, or the only means of control. Sanitation Practices Pathogen-free seed Stock (Clean Seed) Pathogen-free propagation (Clean Planting Stock) Planting sites (Eliminating pathogens in affected plants) Removing infected plants Beneficial Insects Lady Bird Beetles Parasitic Wasp Damsel bugs Minute Pirate Bugs Big Eyed Bugs Assassin Bugs