NUR 221 Unit 3: Emergencies Exam Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025

NUR 221 Unit 3: Emergencies Exam Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025 A specialty practice requiring ability to rapidly assess and treat patients with an acute illness, injury, or crisis - answerEmergency nursing Two types of triage: 1. Sorted from level 1 (needs life-saving intervention) to 5 (no resources needed) 2. Consists of airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure - answer1. Emergency Severity Index (ESI) 2. ABCDEs Emergency Severity Index levels: 1. Pt is having minor short of breath and chest pain 2. Needs multiple resources, but vitals are not in danger zone 3. No resources required 4. One resource needed, i.e. requiring an x-ray - answer1. Level 2 2. Level 3 3. Level 5 4. Level 4 Identification of life-threatening conditions for immediate treatment Includes ABCDE and GCS - answerPrimary Survey Head-to-toe exam, labs and imaging, foley, NG tube, and Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST; can identify signs such as fluid in pelvis or pericardial fluid) - answerSecondary survey Many have investigative needs, such as MVC w/ fatality, GSW, impaired driver, domestic violence, etc. In this case, evidence collection is required: Bag hands w/ brown paper bags, cut clothing around evidence, and sexual assault evidence collection - answerTrauma Psychological support- 1. All patients are screened in regards to their ___ health 2. Suicidal or homicidal patients are considered an ESI Level of... - answer1. Mental health 2. Level 2 Trauma- 1. Energy transference does not penetrate skin 2. Trauma from an object penetrating tissues 3. Organs or tissues compressed between two surfaces such as bones or a steering wheel 4. Occurs when skin or tissue slides in opposite but parallel directions - answer1. Blunt 2. Penetrating 3. Compression injury 4. Shearing Cavitation injuries 1. Cavity stretched out due to the pressure wave created in the tissue 2. Caused by the track of the bullet - answer1. Temporary injury 2. Permanent injury Leading cause of preventable death in the event of an injury - answerHemorrhage Triad of death: 1. Caused by a halted coagulation cascade due to low temperature 2. Caused by decreased myocardial performance due to low pH 3. Caused by lactic acids following impairment of coagulation - answer1. Coagulopathy 2. Hypothermia 3. Metabolic acidosis Poisoning 1. Early signs: tachypnea, ringing in ears, nausea, vomiting 2. Treatment: Acetylcysteine PO or IV; may need liver transplant 3. Treatment: Flumazenil if benefits outweigh seizures, in conjunction with potential intubation 4. S/s: Red skin, dry, hot, visual impairment, confused 5. Late signs: Altered mental status, rhabdomyolysis, pulmonary edema - answer1. Salicylates / aspirin 2. Acetaminophen 3. Benzodiazepines 4. Antidepressants (most often