MDC 4 Exam 2 Final Review Latest Update Graded A+

MDC 4 Exam 2 Final Review Latest Update Graded A+ Burns s/s -Tachycardia -Hypotension -Decreased cardiac output -Decreased gastrointestinal blood flow -Fluid shifts -Hypovolemia -Electrolyte imbalances -Thready/weak pulse Burns labs -Decreased albumin -Decreased pH -Hypovolemia -Hyponatremia -Hyperkalemia -Metabolic acidosis Superficial thickness burn -Damage to epidermis -Pink/red with no blisters, no eschar, no skin grafts -Mild edema -Heals in 3-6 days Example: sunburn Superficial partial thickness burn -Involves the epidermis and the upper portion of the dermis (top 1/3) -Involved area may be extremely painful and exhibit blisters. -Healing occurs with minimal to no scarring in 5-21 days. Deep partial thickness burn -Deep into dermal layer (way past top 1/3) -Red to white, moderate edema, skin grafts with prolonged healing -Eschar soft and dry -No blisters -PAIN Full thickness burn -Entire epidermis/dermis is gone, nerve endings destroyed -Can see fatty tissue because reaches subcutaneous tissue -BLACK, no edema/pain/blisters -Skin grafts needed -Sometimes requires amputation Burn treatment -Lactated ringers -Fluid resuscitation (parkland method) -Debridement -Skin grafts (done during the acute phase) (immobilized for 3-5 days) Emergent phase Onset of injury to 24-48 hours -ABCs, pain management, infection control, body temperature, emotional support -Provide open airway -NPO -Fluid resuscitation -Give albumin -Administer tetanus -Monitor urine output Inhalation injury s/s -Burns to face/mouth/nose -Singed scalp/nasal hair -Black or blood tinged sputum -Poor O2 saturation, use of accessory muscles -STRIDOR -Hoarseness/brassy cough -Drooling Escarotomy A surgical incision into necrotic (or devitalized