General Chemistry 1 Reviewer MIDTERM
⮚ Table Sugar (C11H22O12)
⮚ Chalk (CaCo3)
Lesson: Classification of Matter
Matter takes many forms.
Classifying them according to their composition or
materials they are made up of will make a clear
distinction among materials.
“Not all are created equal.”
What happens if these elements combine?
When elements combine in fixed proportions, you
call the product a compound.
⮚ Water is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms
Classification of Matter (Diagram) (element) and 1 oxygen atom (element)
which is why its chemical formula writes
H2O. Many of the most useful substances
we have at home are actually compounds.
Mixture Substance - Mixtures are forms of matter
with no definite properties and are not combined
chemically. A mixture is the physical combination
of two or more substances in which the identities
are retained and are mixed in the form of
solutions, suspensions and colloids. Mixtures can
be physically separated by certain methods.
Physical method of separation are filtration,
distillation, and crystallization.
Pure Substance
Heterogenous – different components are
Chemical method of separation is electrolysis. observable and separated.
Element – cannot be broken down into Suspension – visible particles
simpler substances either by physical or settle over time (require
chemical means. continuously shaking to partially mix
them) some are due to gravity
- Atom is the basic unit of an element.
- Elements can be classified into metals, (separate from the liquid or gas
non-metals and metalloids medium)
Compound – composed of two or more ⮚ muddy water
elements that are chemically combined
⮚ Granite
⮚ Water (H2O)
⮚ Cookies
⮚ Salt (NaCl)
, ⮚ Salad Dressing
⮚ Salad
⮚ Paella
⮚ Fruit Salad
Emulsions
Solid Sol
Aerosols
Homogenous – components are well-mixed
together
Gasmixtures
Solution – clear mixture with tiny dissolved
particles
Solute – dissolved substances
such as salt ⮚ Gold Panning Method
Solvent – dissolving medium such
as water
⮚ Coffee
Decant (Decantation) - gradually pour
⮚ Milkshake
(liquid, typically wine or a solution) from
Colloid – particles do not settle and make one container into another, especially
the mixture look cloudy or opaque without disturbing the sediment.
Evaporation
⮚ Milk
⮚ Mayonnaise ⮚ Salt Harvesting in Salt Farms
⮚ Gravy
⮚ Fog
Alloys
Separating Mixtures
Methods of Separating Mixture:
Magnet (Magnetism) - separate mixtures
containing magnetic and non-magnetic
materials
Filter (Filtration) - separating mixtures of
solids and liquids or liquids and gases Centrifuge (Centrifugation) – super-fast
spin cycle for liquids or mixtures. When you
use a centrifuge, it spins so fast that the
heavy stuff settles at the bottom, and the
lighter stuff stays on top.
⮚ Table Sugar (C11H22O12)
⮚ Chalk (CaCo3)
Lesson: Classification of Matter
Matter takes many forms.
Classifying them according to their composition or
materials they are made up of will make a clear
distinction among materials.
“Not all are created equal.”
What happens if these elements combine?
When elements combine in fixed proportions, you
call the product a compound.
⮚ Water is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms
Classification of Matter (Diagram) (element) and 1 oxygen atom (element)
which is why its chemical formula writes
H2O. Many of the most useful substances
we have at home are actually compounds.
Mixture Substance - Mixtures are forms of matter
with no definite properties and are not combined
chemically. A mixture is the physical combination
of two or more substances in which the identities
are retained and are mixed in the form of
solutions, suspensions and colloids. Mixtures can
be physically separated by certain methods.
Physical method of separation are filtration,
distillation, and crystallization.
Pure Substance
Heterogenous – different components are
Chemical method of separation is electrolysis. observable and separated.
Element – cannot be broken down into Suspension – visible particles
simpler substances either by physical or settle over time (require
chemical means. continuously shaking to partially mix
them) some are due to gravity
- Atom is the basic unit of an element.
- Elements can be classified into metals, (separate from the liquid or gas
non-metals and metalloids medium)
Compound – composed of two or more ⮚ muddy water
elements that are chemically combined
⮚ Granite
⮚ Water (H2O)
⮚ Cookies
⮚ Salt (NaCl)
, ⮚ Salad Dressing
⮚ Salad
⮚ Paella
⮚ Fruit Salad
Emulsions
Solid Sol
Aerosols
Homogenous – components are well-mixed
together
Gasmixtures
Solution – clear mixture with tiny dissolved
particles
Solute – dissolved substances
such as salt ⮚ Gold Panning Method
Solvent – dissolving medium such
as water
⮚ Coffee
Decant (Decantation) - gradually pour
⮚ Milkshake
(liquid, typically wine or a solution) from
Colloid – particles do not settle and make one container into another, especially
the mixture look cloudy or opaque without disturbing the sediment.
Evaporation
⮚ Milk
⮚ Mayonnaise ⮚ Salt Harvesting in Salt Farms
⮚ Gravy
⮚ Fog
Alloys
Separating Mixtures
Methods of Separating Mixture:
Magnet (Magnetism) - separate mixtures
containing magnetic and non-magnetic
materials
Filter (Filtration) - separating mixtures of
solids and liquids or liquids and gases Centrifuge (Centrifugation) – super-fast
spin cycle for liquids or mixtures. When you
use a centrifuge, it spins so fast that the
heavy stuff settles at the bottom, and the
lighter stuff stays on top.
