AAMC FL 2 PS exam questions fully solved & verified for accuracy 2024

When comparing the color perception of humans and baboons, similarity in which anatomical structure of the eye is most important? A.Optic disc B.Sclera C.Fovea D.Lens color will always be seen more in the fovea because that is where a ton of cones are "During this phase, the target colors included colors all across the blue-green continuum. The response options were always a focal blue and a focal green." So when looking at the graph choices, you need to choose the one where there is a continuum because baboons did have some responses to it If the researchers monitored the cortical activity of the baboons as they viewed the color patches, they would most likely find increased activity in the: A.occipital cortex. B.temporal cortex. C.somatosensory cortex. D.motor cortex. A. Occipital lobe is where vision information is done Which schedule of reinforcement is used in the color-matching task? A.Fixed ratio B.Variable ratio C.Fixed interval D.Variable interval passage: When a correct response was produced, the subject received a banana chip. When an incorrect response was produced, an aversive procedure was introduced—the screen became black and there was a 20-second delay before the experiment continued. A. The passage states that the subjects received a banana chip every time they responded correctly, which is an example of a fixed ratio schedule of reinforcement. The description of assimilation patterns in the passage (final paragraph) suggests that there is geographic variation in which pair of concepts? A.Social status and roles B.Social and cultural capital C.Cultural values and norms D.Material and symbolic culture Passage: Variation regarding how immigrants adopt the local traditions and behavioral standards in a region can lead to distinct geographic patterns of assimilation. assimilation is all about conforming to what the new culture's norms. This goes along with C. Which historical factor primarily accounts for the projected increase in the population aged 65 and older in the United States? A.The increased immigration rate since the 1950s B.The increased fertility rate after World War II C.The sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s D.The relative deprivation of the Great Depression BABY BOOM :) B. To explain the demographic dynamics in the passage, a conflict theorist is most likely to consider the relationship among which factors? A.Age, medicalization, and the illness experience B.Generational status, social solidarity, and the welfare state C.Age, social isolation, and networks of social support D.Generational status, political power, and resource allocation Conflict= power; D. A- social constructivism B- functionalism C- symbolic interactionism (far stretch) The aging of the U.S. population is most likely to increase: A.the dependency ratio. B.the social gradient in health. C.the life course perspective. D.the intersectionality of medicine. A. dependency ratio is when there are more elderly or super young people relying on other people who are working Which finding best supports the linguistic relativity hypothesis? A.All languages have a word for "up" and a word for "down." B.Humans are better at learning words for primary colors than for secondary colors. C.Some languages do not have words for "right" and "left." D.Humans are better at distinguishing colors for which their language has a name. D. The linguistic relativity hypothesis says that people distinguish things better when they understand it from their language. this correlates with D. source monitoring errors misidentifying the origins of our knowledge. Because the old names had a chance to become a part of your memory, you may confuse them with famous names in that you might recognize them (since you've already heard them once). For the new names, you haven't had a chance to associate them with anything or to ingrain them in your memory, so you shouldn't confuse them with the old or famous names. A patient who is experiencing severe marital problems reports having no memory of any life events surrounding the marriage and the spouse. The patient's memory for other life events is intact. This patient is most likely to be diagnosed with: A.a conversion disorder. B.schizophrenia. C.retrograde amnesia. D.a dissociative disorder. Key words: patient's memory for other life events is intact. B and A are wrong. When looking at C and D C- you would not have any recollection of old life events. This proves it wrong. D is correct. the patient is selectively forgetting distracting elements of his/her life, indicating a dissociative disorder. Some studies have found that increases in dopamine activity are associated with increased reward-seeking motivation. This finding suggests an association between dopamine levels and which type of learning? A.Classical conditioning B.Operant conditioning C.Latent learning D.Observational learning REWARD SEEKING MOTIVATION. Operant conditioning is all about rewards! A- classical conditioning has no rewards C- latent learning happens without rewards D- this occurs without rewards Based on the passage, findings from comparative studies of social mobility have led some scholars to question which aspect of U.S. society? A.Meritocracy B.Socialization C.Social identity D.Cultural capital the passage only leads to meritocracy, which assumes that opportunity is based on a combination of talent and effort. Which type of poverty is referenced in the passage? A.Absolute poverty B.Marginal poverty C.Relative poverty D.Structural poverty Relative poverty refers to social disadvantage by income or wealth as compared to the social advantages linked to income or wealth in a society. passage specifically discusses social disadvantage Which hypothesis of cultural assimilation, social support, and health outcomes is best supported by the passage information about immigrant groups? More assimilated groups will have: A.lower levels of support and better overall health. B.higher levels of support and worse overall health. C.lower levels of support and worse overall health. D.higher levels of support and better overall health. C Which information from the passage contradicts the socioeconomic gradient in health? A.The U.S. has a comparatively high median household income. B.The U.S. health disadvantage exists for all social classes. C.The U.S. lags behind peer countries in health indicators. D.The U.S. health disadvantage is explained by social capital. The socioeconomic gradient in health refers to the graded relationship between social class and health, in which each "step" up on the hierarchy of social stratification tends to be associated with better health. B would contradict the socioeconomic gradient in health. A- does not discuss healthcare B- this would indicate that all classes have trouble with healthcare access when in reality the higher classes have better healthcare access to the other classes. C- does not have anything to do with the SOCIO part of the definition D- wrong Which hypothetical result from the online questionnaire would provide evidence of the fundamental attribution error? A.Some participants rank personality factors above environmental factors. B.Some participants rank genetic factors above personality factors. C.Some participants rank environmental factors over both personality and genetic factors. D.Some participants rank genetic factors over both personality and environmental factors. fundamental attribution error- "he cut me off because he is a jerk" this would correspond with A. Saying that the person has something wrong with him/her personality internally. No "outside forces" Which psychological concept best explains observed response times during the IAT? A.Interference B.Dissonance C.Modeling D.Schemas Passage: A shorter response time for a particular combination of image and attribute indicates a stronger link in the participant's mind. Schematic processing is relevant to explaining response times during the IAT because the speed with which memory schemas (organized clusters of knowledge) are activated and processed is presumed to indicate the participant's implicit attitude. POE: A- this is when something comes into your mind and messes it up. B- cognitive dissonance. This is having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes, especially as relating to behavioral decisions and attitude change. C- this would be imitating something. You aren't imitating anything. D is the best answer. Which component of attitudes is assessed by the study's online questionnaire? A.Affective B.Behavioral C.Cognitive D.Subconscious "The attitudinal questions focused on participants' ideas about how people gain or lose weight" Attitude= A(affect) B(behaviorism) C(cognitive) affect= emotional component. FEELings Behavioral= how we ACT. I will avoid spiders and if I see one I WILL SCREAM. Behavioral refers to what you would DO. Cognitive= how we THINK key word: IDEAS This goes along with the cognitive component of attitude. Which concept best explains the comparison made in the passage regarding Internet responses, face-to-face interviews, and telephone surveys (paragraph 2)? A.Selection bias B.Attribution error C.Social desirability D.Stereotype threat "For attitudes on sensitive topics, research suggests that internet responses may have advantages over face-to-face interviews or telephone surveys." C. This goes correctly with social desirability! Which aspect of social interaction best explains the study's findings related to BMI classification? A.Primary versus secondary group ties B.In-group versus out-group associations C.Front-stage versus back-stage presentations D.Role-taking versus impression management Passage: "Strong implicit anti-obesity bias was found among MDs with an underweight, normal weight, and overweight BMI classification. Among MDs with an obese BMI classification, implicit anti-obesity bias was moderate." This points specifically to in-group vs out-group associations.