NR 511 Midterm Exam Q & A (Latest 2023/2024): Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care 100% QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

NR 511 Midterm Exam Q & A (Latest 2023/2024): Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care 100% QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS A patient is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and his endoscopic report reveals the presence of Barrett's epithelium. Which of the following information should the clinician include in the explanation of the pathology report? - ANSWERS A) This is a premalignant tissue. B) This tissue is resistant to gastric acid. C) This tissue supports healing of the esophagus. D) All of the above Answer D On further questioning, the 21-year-old patient with the chief complaints of fatigue, headache, anorexia, and a runny nose explains that she is sexually active only with her boyfriend, does not use injectable drugs, and works as an aide in a day-care center. Which of the following tests would be most helpful in confirming your diagnosis? - ANSWERS HAV IgM Which statement about adenocarcinoma of the lung is accurate? - ANSWERS It is the most prevalent carcinoma of the lung in both sexes and in nonsmokers, representing 35% to 40% of all tumors. Marci has a wart on her hand. She says she heard something about "silver duct tape therapy." What do you tell her about his? - ANSWERS It is a simple treatment that should be tried first. Which patient is more likely to have a cluster headache? - ANSWERS A 45-year-old male awakened at night Tinea unguium is also known as: - ANSWERS Onychomycosis. Which of the following medications used in the treatment of glaucoma works by constricting the pupils to open the angle and allow aqueous fluid to escape? - ANSWERS Pilocarpine George has cardiovascular disease (CVD), is 64 years old, has a total cholesterol of 280 mg/dL, has a systolic blood pressure (BP) of 158, and is being treated for hypertension. You are doing a Framingham Risk Assessment on him. Which assessment factor would give him the highest number of points on the scale? - ANSWERS His cholesterol level Which of the following is "a linear crack extending from the epidermis to the dermis"? - ANSWERS A fissure A patient is seen in the office with complaints of six to seven liquid bowel movements per day. Which of the following assessment findings would lead the clinician to a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease? - ANSWERS History of international travel Which of the following is associated with celiac disease (celiac sprue)? - ANSWERS Malabsorption In which of the following situations would referral to a specialist be needed for sinusitis? - ANSWERS A) Recurrent sinusitis B) Allergic sinusitis C) Sinusitis that is refractory to antibiotic therapy D) All of the above Answer D Heart valve damage resulting from acute rheumatic fever is a long-term sequelae resulting from infection with which of the following pathogens? - ANSWERS Group A streptococcus A bulla is: - ANSWERS A vesicle larger than 1 cm in diameter. An example of ecchymosis is: - ANSWERS A bruise Severe pain associated with acute otitis media signifies perforation of the tympanic membrane. - ANSWERS False A patient is seen in the office complaining of severe flank pain. The clinician should assess this patient for which risk factors for kidney stones? - ANSWERS Hypertension Which of the following foods should be limited in a patient with chronic renal failure (CRF)? - ANSWERS A) Milk B) Bananas C) Soy sauce D) All of the above Answer D John is a 16-year-old boy who presents to the emergency room after hurting his knee in a football game. He described twisting his knee and then being unable to extend it completely. John tells the clinician that he heard a pop when the injury occurred and has been experiencing localized pain. The clinician suspects a meniscal tear. Which test would be most appropriate to assess for the presence of a meniscal tear? - ANSWERS McMurray circumduction test Which characteristic of delirium helps to distinguish delirium from dementia? - ANSWERS Abrupt onset When looking under the microscope to diagnose an intravaginal infection, you see a cluster of small and oval to round shapes. What do you suspect they are? - ANSWERS spores Which solution should be used when irrigating lacerated tissue over a wound on the arm? - ANSWERS Saline irrigation or soapy water The main mechanism for avoiding a lawsuit involves: - ANSWERS Open communication skills Which drug commonly prescribed for burns is active against a wide spectrum of microbial pathogens and is the most frequently used agent for partial- and full-thickness thermal injuries? - ANSWERS Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) Which clinical feature is the first to be affected in increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? - ANSWERS Decrease in level of consciousness (LOC) George, aged 59, complains of a flulike illness, including fever, chills, and myalgia after returning from visiting his grandchildren in New England. He reports having discovered a rash or red spot that grew in size on his right leg. What disease are you considering? - ANSWERS Lyme disease Infectious mononucleosis re