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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Klieren GI, 2e bachelor biomedische wetenschappen $8.13   Add to cart

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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Klieren GI, 2e bachelor biomedische wetenschappen

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Samenvatting histologie van de orgaanstelsels: Klieren GI 2e bachelor, 1e semester Biomedische wetenschappen

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  • March 19, 2024
  • 4
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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Histologie: Gastro-intestinaalstelsel: Klieren (Pancreas, lever, galblaas)

Pancreas

Fusieorgaan: Zowel exocrien als endocrien gedeelte

Exocrien gedeelte: produceert eiwit, speelt een rol bij de vertering

 Bindweefsel
 Afvoerkanaal
 Secretoir weefsel
 Acinaire cellen
 Centroacinaire cellen

Bloedvoorziening: 2 circulaties: insulo-acinair systeem + acinair vasculair systeem

De entero-endocriene cellen van de duodenum secreteren 2 stoffen:

 Cholecystokinine (CCK): gaat inwerken op de endocriene klieren -> secreet pancreas eiwitrijk
 Secretine: gaat inwerken op de cellen van de schakelstukken (exocrien) -> secreet pancreas
bicarbonaatrijk

Acinaire pancreatische cellen secreteren: inactief trypsine, chymotrypsine en carboxylpeptidase,
actief amylase, lipase, cholesterol esterase en fosfolypase en inhibitor van trypsine

Endocrien gedeelte: eilandjes van Langerhans

Kenmerken:

 Secreet makkelijk en rechtstreeks afgeven aan de bloedbaan
 Flets aangekleurd, ronde celgroepen middenin de sterk basofiele acini van de exocriene
pancreas
 Verspreid over pancreas, maar talrijker in staartgebied
 Elk eilandje bestaat uit epitheelcellen en capillair netwerk
 Afgrenzing exocrien gedeelte door onregelmatig laagje van fijne collagene vezels

4 celtypen:

 α-cellen (20%): secreteren glucagon, bloed-glucosespiegel doen stijgen, centraal gelegen
 β-cellen (60-80%): secreteren insuline, bloed-glucosespiegel doen dalen
 δ-cellen (5%): vormen somatostatine : remt secretie insuline en glucagon + remt exocriene
secretie
 F- of PP-cellen (<5%): vormen pancreaspolypeptide : remt exocriene secretie bicarbonaat &
pancreasenzymen, induceert relaxatie galblaas, vermindert galsecretie



Lever

Algemeen:

 Grootste klier bij zoogdieren
 Uniforme histologie bij elke species
 Secretoire, beschermende en synthetische functie
 Sterk regeneratievermogen

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