AP US Gov Ch.3 (AMSCO 2021) updated to pass

AP US Gov Ch.3 (AMSCO 2021)Block Grants - correct answers Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in areas such as community development and social services Categorical Grants - correct answers Federal grants for specific purposes, such as building an airport Concurrent Powers - correct answers powers shared by the state and federal governments Cooperative Federalism - correct answers A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government. They may also share costs, administration, and even blame for programs that work poorly. (aka marble cake federalism) Defense of Marriage Act (1996) - correct answers Federal law defining marriage as man-woman and declaring that no state is forced to recognize same-sex marriage Devolution - correct answers the transfer of powers and responsibilities from the federal government to the states Exclusive Powers - correct answers Those powers that can be exercised by the National Government alone Extradition - correct answers A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed. Federalism - correct answers A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments Federal Grants - correct answers sums of money given to state or local governments to be spent for a variety of specific purposes Fiscal Federalism - correct answers The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system; it is the cornerstone of the national government's relations with state and local governments. Full Faith and Credit - correct answers A clause in Article IV of the U.S. Constitution requiring each state to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of all other states. Grant-in-Aid Programs - correct answers grants of federal money or other resources to the States and/or their cities, counties, and other local units Mandates - correct answers terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants--grants can be funded or unfunded Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (1996) - correct answers restructured the welfare system to return much authority and distribution of welfare dollars (ex. Medicaid) to the states---example of devolution Police Powers - correct answers state power to create and enforce laws on health, safety, and morals Privileges and Immunities - correct answers The provision of the Constitution according citizens of each state the privileges of citizens of other states. (Example--states generally create laws to give priority to their own citizens rather than non-citizens, but the Supreme Court often strikes them down--however, examples like in-state tuition vs out of state tuition exist) Revenue Sharing - correct answers the distribution of a portion of federal tax revenues to state and local governments. Strings - correct answers conditions to aid of categorical grants Supremacy Clause - correct answers Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, which makes the Constitution the supreme law of the land (means federal law is supreme over state law) Commerce Clause - correct answers Clause stating that Congress can regulate interstate and international commerce.