NAVLE prep comprehensive test bank 2024

NAVLE prep comprehensive test bank 2024 Most of a litter of European wild boar at a zoological park have died. The surviving piglets are in lateral recumbency with a frothy nasal discharge. Necropsy of the piglets reveals pulmonary edema and copious fluid in the trachea and bronchi along with grayish- white necrotic foci on the myocardium. Which one of the following diseases is the most likely diagnosis? A - Edema disease B - Encephalomyocarditis C - Glasser's Disease D - Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome E - Pseudorabies B Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is caused by a cardiovirus in the family picornaviridae. Confusingly, the virus is named for its effects on mice. Think of rodents and exotic zoo mammals with EMCV. Pig-to-pig contact, contamination of swine feed and water by rodents or ingestion of dead rodents may cause disease. See pulmonary edema and copious transudate in the respiratory tract, causing cardiac failure. Zoo outbreaks of EMCV have included lions, African elephants, rhinos, hippos, sloths, llamas, antelope and nonhuman primates. An outbreak of lion deaths at a Florida zoo in the USA occurred after feeding them the carcass of an African elephant that had died of EMCV. Edema disease is a neurologic disease caused by a hemolytic Escherichia coli producing Shiga toxin e2 and F18 pili resulting in high mortality in recently-weaned pigs. Glasser's Disease, caused by Hemophilus parasuis is usually an acute disease of 6 to 8 week-old pigs which causes fibrinous arthritis, polyserositis, and meningitis. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), is an arterivirus causing reproductive failure and post-weaning respiratory disease. What is the main mode of transmission for feline leukemia virus? A - Aerosol transmission B - Shedding of virus via feces C - Fomite transmission D - Shedding of virus via saliva D The correct answer is shedding of virus via saliva. The main mode of transmission is via saliva. It requires prolonged, close contact. Cats may shed the virus for months to years. Transmission may also occur through reuse of instruments and blood. Virus is shed in saliva, tears, urine, and feces. You are working with a farmer who is having trouble with calves between the age of 2 weeks and 6 months. They are alert, but weak, dyspneic and die suddenly. On necropsy they have pale cardiac and skeletal muscles. What is the farmer's problem? A - Copper deficiency B - Sorghum toxicity C - Lightning strike D - Selenium deficiency D The correct answer is selenium deficiency. The pale muscle and clinical signs are classic for vitamin E and selenium deficiency. This is important to remember! Other things that should be on your differential list for this case include cardiotoxic plants.