RD Exam Prep: Biochemical/Laboratory Data Questions and Answers 100% Correct

RD Exam Prep: Biochemical/Laboratory Data Questions and Answers 100% Correct Hemoglobin (Hgb) - Answer- Function: carries oxygen from lungs to tissues Normal Value: Males 14-17g/dL and Females 12-15g/dL Increased d/t: hemolysis, sickle cell anemia, dehydration, heart failure Decreased d/t: iron deficiency anemia, bleeding, renal or liver disease Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Answer- Function: mean size of a red blood cell Normal Value: 80-94cu/m Increased d/t: B12 deficiency, early pernicious anemia, folate deficiency, chronic pancreatic disease Decreased d/t: advanced iron deficiency, iron malabsorption, excessive iron, blood loss Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) - Answer- Function: mean weight of a cell Normal Value: 27-31pg/cell Increased d/t: macrocytic anemia Decreased d/t: iron deficiency anemia, hypochromic anemia, hemoglobin deficiency Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) - Answer- Function: mean RBC concentration per cell Normal Value: 32-36g/dL Increased d/t: hemolysis, spherocytosis Decreased d/t: blood loss, iron deficiency Red Blood Cells (RBCs) - Answer- Function: # of RBC in circulation Normal Value: 4.0-6.1 million cells/mcL Increased d/t: severe diarrhea, dehydration, polycythemia Decreased d/t: anemia, chronic illness, dietary deficiency, hemolysis, hemorrhage, Lupus, lymphoma, overhydration Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) - Answer- Function: shows the ability of transferrin to transport iron Normal Value: 250-460mcg/dL Increased d/t: complete depletion of iron stores Decreased d/t: increased iron stores Transferrin - Answer- Function: transport protein with iron binding capacities; sends iron to the liver, spleen, and blood marrow Normal Value: Males 20-50% and Females 15-50% Increased d/t: blood loss, dehydration, hepatitis, iron deficiency anemia Decreased d/t: acute catabolic stress, pernicious and sickle cell anemia, burns, infection, HIV, iron overload, liver disease, malnutrition, nephrotic syndrome Hematocrit (Hct) - Answer- Function: volume of blood that consists of RBCs Normal Value: Males 40-54% and Females 37-47% Increased d/t: polycythemia Decreased d/t: anemia, blood loss, renal or liver disease, sepsis Total Cholesterol (TC) - Answer- Function: component of plaque; 30% HDL/ 70% LDL Normal Value: Adult <199mg/dL and Child 70-175mg/dL Increased d/t: high cholesterol diet, CVD, hyperlipidemia, DM, HTN, MI Decreased d/t: malnutrition, malabsorption, fever, acute, infection, steatorrhea, liver damage, cancer, pernicious anemia LDL Cholesterol (LDL) - Answer- Function: closely associated with increased risk of CVD; "bad/lousy cholesterol" Normal Value: <130mg/dL Increased d/t: high saturated fat and cholesterol diet, family hx, DM, MI, hepatic damage Decreased d/t: nephrotic syndrome HDL Cholesterol (HDL) - Answer- Function: carries cholesterol from tissues to the liver Normal Value: >40mg/dL Increased d/t: chronic liver disorders, aerobic exercise, family hx