PCT Exam Practice QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024

1. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) differs from hemodialysis in which of the following ways? a. PD requires both vascular access and abdominal access. b. PD cannot be done at home. c. PD access is by intra-abdominal catheter. d. Sterile dialysate is not required for PD. - ANSWER-c 2. The main difference between an arteriovenous shunt (AVS) and an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an: a. AVS is entirely within the arm. b. AVF is entirely within the arm. c. AVF is more likely to become clotted or infected. d. AVF requires an external tube. - ANSWER-b 3. Which of the following dialyzers is used currently? a. Kiil b. Flat plate c. Coil d. Hollow tube - ANSWER-d 4. Which of the following kidney structures connects with and delivers urine directly to the ureter? a. Pelvis b. Calyx c. Glomerulus d. Cortex - ANSWER-a 5. The glomerular filtration rate is an important index of renal function and in the normal adult is approximately: a. 50 mL/min/1.73m2 b. 75 mL/min/1.73m2 c. 125 mL/min/1.73m2 d. 200 mL/min/1.73m2 - ANSWER-c 6. All of the following substances are produced by the kidney EXCEPT: a. renin. b. aldosterone. c. erythropoeitin. d. calcitriol - ANSWER-b 7. The most likely cause of post-renal failure is: a. severe dehydration. b. nephrotoxic drug. c. glomerulonephritis. d. benign prostatic hypertrophy. - ANSWER-d 8. The most common cause of chronic kidney disease in the United States is: a. diabetes. b. hypertension. c. glomerulonephritis d. polycystic kidney disease. - ANSWER-a 9. Uremia may cause which of the following conditions? a. Itching. b. Edema (swelling) of the extremities c. Anemia d. All of the above - ANSWER-d 10. All of the following conditions are associated with chronic kidney failure EXCEPT: a. low hemoglobin. b. hypoparathyroidism. c. hyperkalemia. d. hyperphosphatemia. - ANSWER-b 11. What percentage of transplanted kidneys is functional 1 year after transplantation? a. 90% b. 70% c. 50% d. 30% - ANSWER-a 12. Which hemodialysis schedule is likely to be the most efficient? a. In-center hemodialysis, 3-4 hours a session, 3 days a week. b. Conventional home dialysis. c. Short daily home hemodialysis, 2-3 hours a session, 5-7 days a week. d. Nocturnal home hemodialysis, 8 hours during sleep, 3 days a week. - ANSWERc