PLSC 001 Exam 1 PSU Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

Government - Answer-Any system for implementing decisions made through a political process Politics - Answer-Process of determining what government does Philosophy - Answer-the study of the fundamental nature of reality, knowledge, and how to live (also translated to the love of wisdom) Political Philosophy (Theory) - Answer-part of ethics, ethics applied to groups of people. Asks what the government should be doing. Metaphysics - Answer-study of what is real Epistemology - Answer-study of knowledge itself, how do we know? Ethics - Answer-how to live, what should we do? The Divine Right of Kings - Answer--Kings had power because of God -citizens listened to. kings bc of fear of damnation Anarchy/Anarchism - Answer-belief that any form of government is unjust Renaissance Period - Answer-People began questioning the divine right of kings during this period Social Contract Theory - Answer-a way to justify government without God; government is a contract between the governed and the government Thomas Hobbes - Answer--An English philosopher living during the English Civil War; he hated violence -believed in government formed for safetyThe Leviathan - Answer-Hobbes' book; used social contract theory to justify existence of government and king "Nasty, Brutish, and Short" - Answer-Thomas Hobbes believes that life in the State of Nature (without government) is "Solitary, Poor, ________, ________, and _________" which means we should never go against a ruler and their power should be unlimited. John Locke - Answer--Social contract theorist -people are born with natural rights -believed in government formed to protect natural rights State of Nature - Answer-a condition in which no governments or laws existed at all Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Answer--social contract theorist -believed both Hobbes and Locke were wrong -no government=good -government is for the rich