Anatomy and Physiology 101 Final Exam Ivy Tech Study Guide Graded A 2024

What is the difference between anatomy and physiology - anatomy- study of structure physiology- study of function what are the levels of organization - subatomic particle- protons, electrons, neutrons atom molecule macromolecule organelle cell tissue organ organ system organism what are the characteristics of life? - movement responsiveness respiration absorption secretion digestion assimilation- changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms circulation reproduction growth what are the requirements of life? - water food heat pressure oxygen define homeostasis - maintaining of a stable enviroment what is a homeostatic mechanism - monitors aspects of internal environment and corrects as needed *negative feedback mechanism define matter - anything that takes up space and has mass element - composed of chemically identical atoms atom - smallest particle of atom, basic unit of matter what are structure of an atom - nucleus protons neutron electrons define nucleus, proton, electron, neutron - nucleus- central part of atom proton- positive charge electron- negative charge neutron- no electrical charge ionic bond - formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another what are covalent bonds - when two molecules share electron hydrogen bond - formed between water molecule, attraction between positive end of polar molecule and negative end of another polar molecule define synthesis, decomposition, and exchange reactions - Synthesis- A+B=AB Decomposition- AB=A+B exchange- AB+CD=AD+BC define reactant - starting materials of reactions product - ending material define catalyst - a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction what is an acid - dissociates with water base - combines in water what happens to salts when dissolved in water and what is produced? - The salt molecules are "torn apart" by the water, and are reduced to sodium (Na+) and chlorine (Cl-) ions. what is the pH scale? what ions are involved in the pH scale? - pH scale- indicated the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution, H+ and OH- organic molecule - contains Carbon and hydrogen and dissolves in water. inorganic molecule - does not contain C and H and dissociates with water What is dehydration synthesis - taking water out (producing water) to form a new product. Uses energy