NC BLET First Responder questions with correct answers.

NC BLET First Responder questions with correct answers. Components of EMS Systems 1. Reporting 2. Dispatch 3. First Response 4. EMS Response 5. Hospital Care Unauthorized Practice of Medicine is a______________________. Misdemeanor T or F-Law Enforcement officers are qualified to practice medicine. F FALSE-Law Enforcement officers are not authorized to practice medicine. Good Samaritan Law Protects any person who renders first aid to a person -without the reasonable expectation of compensation-when there is reasonable expectation of prompt decisions and actions in medical car, AND there is the necessity of immediate medical care. Person shall not be liable for any injuries alleged to have been sustained by the person or death of the person alleged to have occurred by an act or omission in the rendering of the treatment, unless it is established that the injuries or death was caused by gross negligence, wanton conduct or intentional wrongdoing on the part of the person rendering the treatment. Types of Consent Actual Consent(Expressed Consent) Implied consent Actual Consent (Expressed Consent) Consent for treatment given by the patient directly. Example-Yes, you can treat me. Implied Consent If an individual is unconscious or the individuals judgement and ability to respond is impaired, medical care should not be delayed for lack of consent because the law presumes that the individual consents to be treated in those circumstances. Abandonment Leaving a patient before a person of equal or greater training has taken over care of the patient. Liabilty Legal responsibility Privacy HIPAA- Protects patient Confidentiality. HIPAA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Exceptions to HIPAA - treatment - payment - operations - abuse, public health, imminent danger, and law enforcement OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Bloodborne Pathogens Infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. Examples-Hepatitis B(HBV), Hepatitis C(HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) OPIMs Other Potentially Infectious Materials Semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, amniotic fluid, cerebral-spinal fluid, and any other body fluid or matter which may contain blood. Exposure Control Administrative Controls-Vaccinations, preventive procedures, and training. Engineering Controls-Physical barriers to exposure such as sharp-safe evidence containers and biohazard labels, as well as hand and eye washing stations. Work Practice Control-Use of PPE, proper protective habits. Hepatitis B-HBV Causes swelling of the liver. It is not transmitted by casual contact, HBV directly relates to someone having contact with infected blood or other potentially infectious materials. Symptoms- Jaundice-Yellowing of the skin and/or eyes Fatigue Mild Fever Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea Abdominal and/or joint pain There is an effective vaccine to prevent HBV Hepatitis C-HCV Most common chronic bloodborne infection in the United States. Symptoms are similar to HBV, but not all infected people will exhibit signs or symptoms of the disease. 80% of people infected with HCV have no signs or symptoms even though they are carriers and transmit the disease to others. There is currently no vaccine to protect against becoming infected with HCV. Human Immunodeficiency Virus-HIV The virus that leads to AIDS, which is a condition in which the body is unable to defend itself against infections and mutated cells. Symptoms- Night Sweats Fever Chills Fatigue Swollen Lymph Nodes Sore Throat Mouth Ulcers The only way to tell for sure a person is infected with the HIV virus is by testing. HIV can be transmitted by sexual contact, sharing drug needles, and during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding, HIV is not transmitted by air or water, saliva, sweat, tears, or closed mouth kissing, insects or pets, or sharing toilets, food, or drinks. Five Main Methods of Transmission of Bloodborne Pathogens Contact Droplet Air Food Vector Contact Transmission Direct Contact Indirect Contact Contact Transmission-Direct Contact Involves the transfer of infectious agents to a susceptible individual through physical contact with an infected individual. Contact Transmission-Indirect Contact Occurs when infectious agents are transferred to a susceptible individual when the individual makes physical contact with contaminated items and surfaces. Droplet Transmission This type of exposure occurs when droplets of blood or OPIMS containing pathogens are expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, etc. and are transferred to the exposed persons mucous membranes. This typically takes place within a distance of up to six feet. Airborne Transmission Occurs thru very small particles or droplets that contain infectious agents and can remain suspended in the air for extended periods of time. When inhaled by a susceptible individual, transmission can cause infection. These droplets can travel long distances, and do not require face to face contact with an infected individual. CDC Center for Disease Control Standard Precautions Hand Washing Use of PPE-Gloves, Gowns, masks, etc. PPE Personal Protective Equipment Proper Packaging and Disposal of Infectious Materials Non-penetrable Should be clearly labeled with the biohazard symbol Exposure Control Plan An agencies list of employees covered, the schedule and method of implementation for all elements of the plan, and the procedure for the evaluation of circumstances surrounding exposure incidents. All employees must be offered a ______________vaccination. HBV An individual who poses a significant risk of transmission of AIDS or Hepatitis B may be detained and tested if a ________________________ is issued by a magistrate or a judge. Court Order A person should be moved only if- The scene is hazardous Care of life-threatening conditions requires repositioning You must reach other patients Types of Emergency Moves One-rescuer assist Two-rescuer assist Firefighters Carry Patient Assessment The evaluation of a victim to identify their problems. AVPU Alert? Can the person respond to VERBAL stimuli? Does the person respond to PAINFUL stimuli? Unresponsive? Airway Opening and maintaining the airway is the first thing the officer should focus on after gaining access to the individual. Airway Opening Techniques Head-tilt Chin lift Jaw Thrust Head Tilt Chin Lift Preferred method of opening an airway. Jaw Thrust Use to open an airway if there is a suspected spinal injury. Respiration Is the person breathing? Look at the chest for rise and fall while listening and feeling for air exchange at the individuals nose and mouth.