Sole - Chapter 9: Ventilatory Assistance A+ GRADED

Sole - Chapter 9: Ventilatory Assistance A+ GRADED A patient has coronary artery bypass graft surgery and is transported to the surgical intensive care unit at noon and is placed on mechanical ventilation. Interpret the initial arterial blood gas levels pH: 7.31 PaCO2: 48 mm Hg Bicarbonate: 22 mEq/L PaO2: 115 mm Hg O2 saturation: 99% A. Normal arterial blood gas levels with a high oxygen level B. Partly compensated respiratory acidosis; normal oxygen C. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis with high oxygen levels D. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis; hyperoxygenated - ANS D The provider orders the following mechanical ventilation settings for a patient who weighs 75 kg. The patient's spontaneous respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min. Which arterial blood gas abnormality may occur if the patient continues to be tachypneic at these ventilator settings? Settings: Tidal volume: 600 mL (8 mL per kg) FiO2: 0.5 Respiratory rate: 14 breaths/min Mode assist/control Positive end-expiratory pressure: 10 cm H2O A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis - ANS D A patient's ventilator settings are adjusted to treat hypoxemia. The fraction of inspired oxygen is increased from 0.6 to 0.7, and the positive end-expiratory pressure is increased from 10 to 15 cm H2O. Shortly after these adjustments, the nurse notes that the patient's blood pressure drops from 120/76 mm Hg to 90/60 mm Hg. What is the most likely cause of this decrease in blood pressure? A. Decrease in cardiac output B. Hypovolemia C. Increase in venous return D. Oxygen toxicity - ANS A The nurse is caring for a patient with an endotracheal tube. The nurse understands that endotracheal suctioning is needed to facilitate removal of secretions and that the procedure A. Decreases intracranial pressure. B. Depresses the cough reflex. C. Is done as indicated by patient assessment. D. Is more effective if preceded by saline instillation. - ANS C A patient is admitted to the progressive care unit with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. The patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes. A set of arterial blood gases obtained on admission without supplemental oxygen shows pH 7.35; PaCO2 55 mm Hg; bicarbonate 30 mEq/L; PaO2 65 mm Hg. These blood gases reflect: A. Hypoxemia and compensated metabolic alkalosis. B. Hypoxemia and compensated respiratory acidosis. C. Normal oxygenation and partly compensated metabolic alkalosis. D. Normal oxygenation and uncompensated respiratory acidosis. - ANS B