PC 707 Module 2 questions with 100 % correct answers | verified

What are some factors that have contributed to antibiotic resistance? - Answer-(1) increasing populations of immunocompromised patients (2) increase in the number and complexity of medical procedures (3) increased survival of patients with chronic diseases (4) overprescribing antibiiotics What are the leading risk factors for having a drug-resistant pathogen? - Answer-(1) recent use of antibiotics (2) age younger than 2 and greater than 65 (3) day-care attendance (4) multiple medical comorbiitides (5) recent hospitalization (6) immunosuppression What are some examples of innapropriate usage of antibiotics? - Answer-(1) viral infections (2) inadequate dosages (3) excessive duration of therapy (4) increased empirical use of broad spectrum antibiotics when not required (5) excessive duration of therapy What are the 4 steps in choosing an antimicrobial drug? - Answer-(1) make clinical diagnosis (2) obtain cultures or other specimens (3) make microbial diagnosis (4) choose drug What is a report generated by each hospital that shows local activity and includes a list of drug names, organism group, whether it's gram -/+, and the percentage sensitive to a particular antibiotic? - Answer-Antibiogram What is the antibiogram useful in preventing? - Answer-Antibiotic resistance What is important education when a patient is taking sulfonamides? - Answer-(1) drink 8-10 glasses of water (2) avoid prolonged sun exposure How does one diagnose BV? - Answer-3 or more of the following symptoms (1) homogenous, thin, white discharge that smoothly coats the vaginal walls (2) clue cells (3) pH of vaginal fluid 4.5 (4) a fishy odor of vaginal discharge bfore or after addition of 10%KOH What is the treatment for BV? - Answer-(1) metronidazole 500 mg 2x a day for 7 days (2) metronidazole gell 0.75% intravaginally one a day for 5 days (3) clindamycin cream 2% intravaginally at bedtime for 7 days What is the first line treatment for a pregnant woman with BV? - Answer-Metronidazole (safe in all trimesters)What should your patient avoid when taking metronidazole? - Answer-Alcohol and alcohol containing products What is considered the safest medication administration for a breastfeeding mother with BV? - Answer-Metrogel Is there a bacterial diagnostic for BV? - Answer-no Why are mycobacterial infection (like TB) among the most difficult to cure? - Answer-(1) grow slowly and are relatively resistant to drugs that are largely dependent on how rapidly cells are dividing (2) have a lipid rich cell wall relatively impermeable to many drugs (3) are usually intracellular and inaccessible to drugs that do not have a good intracellular penetration (4) have the ability to go into a dormant state (5) easily develop resistant to any single drug What is a ring of the chemical structure of certain antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporings, and related compounds? - Answer-Beta-lactam