CRIMINAL JUSTICE EXAM 2

When were police departments first established? - Colonial America had county sheriffs were the most important law enforcement agent, they didn't seek out/ patrol for crim. -The first established police department was created in Boston, 1838 What prompted the formation of police departments in the United States? - Mob violence in the nineteenth century. What was established in the 1970s to help bring funding and training to local law enforcement? -The Law Enforcement assistant agency (LEAA) - Federal commission(s) What are the federal law enforcement agencies? -FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) -DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) -ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives) -US Marshal Service What is the Department of Homeland Security? - Federal agency responsible for preventing terrorist attacks within the United States -CBP (Customs and Border Control) -Secret Service: Federal agency responsible for executive protection and for investigation of counterfeiting and various forms of financial fraud. What are some of the responsibilities of state-wide law enforcement agencies? - Same powers as municipal police. They provide investigative services to small communities, are primarily responsible for highway patrol and traffic law enforcement. Name and understand how technology is used in policing. -Locating Criminals: Enclosed space detection; system to determine if persons are hidden in a car or structure. -Crime Scene Investigation: high-definition surveying; preserves the crime scene in 3D. - Crime Mapping: It is now recognized that there are geographic "hot spots" -Biometrics: automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic. -DNA Testing -Social Media and Networking -Predictive analytics: Application of advanced analytics to criminal justice data for the purpose of predicting where and when crime will occur. What is the Patrol function? - Uniformed patrol officers are the backbone of the police department, usually accounting for about two-thirds of a department's personnel. What is broken windows policing? - A term used to describe the role of the police as maintainers of community order and safety. What is a sting operation? - Involves organized groups of detectives or patrol officers working in plain clothes who deceive criminals into openly committing illegal acts or conspiring to engage in criminal activity. What are the techniques used in investigation? -DNA Analysis -Surveillance -Undercover work -Fingerprinting What is Community Policing? - Programs and strategies to bring police and the public closer together and to create a more cooperative environment between them.