MDC III Final Exam Study Guide – Rasmussen College | Latest Update 2024

MDC III Final Exam Study Guide – Rasmussen College | Latest Update 2024 1. Which of the following assessment findings are consistent with aortic regurgitation a. Atrial fibrillation b. Systolic click c. Pitting edema d. Blowing,decrescendo diastolic murmur 2. The nurse knows which of the following is the most common problem for a client with valvular heart disease a. Decreased cardiac output b. Difficulty coping c. Bradycardia d. Altered body image. 3. The nurse is assessing a client with severe clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to see in this client a. Dyspnea with activity b. Hypertension c. Bradycardia d. Warm,flushed skin 4. A client diagnosed with stable angina is complaining of substernal chest pain, rating the pain 5 out of 10. What would be the priority action by the nurse? a. Administer nitroglycerin,1 tablet sublingual immediately b. Administer 81 mg of aspirin immediately c. Administer the client’s prescribed beta blocker. d. Administer morphine 5. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client and family education a. Decreased fluid intake to no more than 1 little per day b. Wear support hose while awake c. Diet high in vitamin k d. Resume normal activity 6. A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who was recently diagnosed with heart of the following should be included in the client and family teaching ( select all that apply) a. Medication teaching b. Low sodium diet c. Fluid restriction d. Weekly weightse. Symptoms to report to the provider 7. The family of a neutropenic client reports that the client confused and is not acting right what action by the nurse is the priority a. Ask the client about pain b. Assess the client for infection c. Delegate taking a set of vital signs d. Look at today’s laboratory results. 8. A nurse is caring for a client with a history of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following assessment requires immediate intervention a. Decreased urine output b. Back pain c. Nausea and vomiting d. Absent peripheral pulses. 9. Which of the following assessment is a priority findings during a blood transfusion a. Chest pain b. Headache c. Joint pain d. Fatigue 10. The nurse questions which order for a client with thrombocytopenia a. Avoid IM injection b. Administer enemas c. Apply ice to areas of trauma d. Test all urine and stool for the presence of occult blood. 11. Which of the following clients would not be a candidate for thrombolytic therapy a. Client with a blood pressure of 100/60 mm HG b. Client with a pulse of 102 beats/minute c. Client with a history of hemorrhage stroke one month ago d. Client age 65 12. Which of the following procedures are performed for a client with a pericardial effusion a. Coronary artery bypass graft b. Thoracotomy c. Pericardiocentesis d. Thoracentesis 13. Which of the following is the treatment of choice for end stage heart failure a. Heart transplant b. Coronary artery bypass c. Percutaneous angiogramd. Medications 14. A nurse is caring for a client who recently underwent a heart of the following nursing interventions is the priority a. Assess for signs and symptoms of rejection b. Advance diet as tolerated c. Auscultate bowel sounds d. Maintain strict bedrest 15. A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with pericarditis which of the following is a common assessment finding with this disorder a. ST- segment depression b. c. Elevated troponin d. Heart failure 16. A 65 year old male client is brought via EMS to the emergency department with chest rates the pain as a 10 on a scale from 0 to 10 .the pain is located mid-sternum and radiates to his left heart rate is 126 bpm,and blood pressure is 96/60 mm.Hg.A 12-lead electrocardiogram is perform and reveals ST-segment of the following interventions does the nurse anticipate performing immediately. a. Administer oxygen b. Administer a beta blocker c. Administer morphine d. Administer a statin. 17. Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate for a client with sickle cell disease.( select all that apply) a. Administer IV morphine b. Keep the client strictly NPO c. Remove restrictive clothing d. Prepare the client for surgery e. Provide a cool environment 18. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with atherosclerosis. Which of the risk factors for the development of this disorder. a. High HDL-C/low LDL-C b. Vegan diet c. Low HDL-C/High LDL-C d. Diet high in vitamin K 19. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with peripheral artery of the following is a common assessment finding a. 3+ pedal pulsesb. 1+ pedal pulses c. 4+ pedal pulses d. Bounding pulses in all 4 extremities. 20. The nurse knows that hemolytic reactions to blood transfusions occur most often within the first ------ minutes of the infusions a. 100 b. 15 c. 45 d. 60 21. A client admitted sickle crisis is distraught after learning her child also has the disease. What response by the is best a. Both you and the father are equally responsible for passing it on b. I can see you are upset. I can stay here with you a while if you like c. It’s not your fault there is no way to know who will have this disease. d. There are many good treatments for sickle cell disease these days. 22. A NURSE IS caring for four clients with leukemia. After a hand-off report,which client should the nurse see first? a. Client who had two bloody diarrhea stools this morning b. Client who has been premedicated for nausea prior to chemotherapy c. Client with a respiratory rate change from 15 to 20 breaths/min d. Client with an unchanged lesions to the lower right lateral malleolus 23. The nurse is working in the emergency department and has four clients arrive at the same client should the nurse see first. a. A client who states she has not urinated in 8 hours b. A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reporting increased dyspnea c. A client requesting antibiotics d. A client who has a facial fracture with severe swelling. 24. A 65 year old female presented to the emergency room complaints of progressively worsening fatigue,,shortness of breath,and assessment,heart rate is 130 beats per minute and irregular,and there is positive jugular vein tones a highpitched holosystolic of the following disorders are consistent with these findings . a. Mitral regurgitation b. Mitral stenosis c. Aortic regurgitation d. Mitral valve prolapse.25. A client is receiving treatment for the diagnosis of hemophilia A.WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS MOST APPROPRIATE TO INCLUDE IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THIS CLIENT a. Appetite b. Urine output c. Joint pain and bruising d. Respiratory rate. 26. A nurse is caring for a 65 year old male who recently underwent an aortic valve of the following is post-operative nursing care priority a. Temperature monitoring b. Advance diet as tolerated c. Assess for bleeding d. Dressing for bleeding 27. The nurse educates the client on which of the following tests as the best tool for diagnosis heart failure. a. echocardiography b. Pulmonary artery catheter c. Radionuclide studies d. Multigated angiographic ( MUGA) scan 28. A nurse is caring for a client with of the following sign and symptoms are consistent with this diagnosis( select all that apply) a. Bleeding gums b. Bone pain ‘ c. Weight gain d. Increased urination e. Fatigue 29. A nurse in a hematology clinic is working with four clients who have polycythemia client should the nurse see first? a. Client with a blood pressure 180/98 mm HG b. Client who reports shortness of breath c. Client who reports calf tenderness and swelling d. Client with a swollen and painful left great toe. 30. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who recently underwent a mechanical valve of the following statements by the client indicates the client’s correct understanding of the discharge teaching regarding warfarin anticoagulant therapy. a. I do not need to take my prescribed medication for the rest of my life b. Additional monitoring is not required while on the anticoagulant c. I can lead a normal life while on anticoagulants , no restrictions are required d. I may need to modify my diet while on this medication31. Which of the following medications are appropriate for the treatment of heart failure ( select all that apply) a. Antibiotics b. Diuretics c. Digoxin d. Bronchodilators e. angiotensin -converting enzyme ( ace ) inhibitors. 32. When educating a female client on the signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction , the nurse recognizes that which of the following should be included in the teaching a. Pain usually resolves with rest and relaxation b. Women often present with atypical signs and symptoms c. Substernal chest pain is the most common symptoms in women d. Women experience intermittent claudication 33. Which of the following would predispose a client mitral stenosis a. Obesity b. Rheumatic fever c. Diabetes d. IV drug use. 34. A NURSE IS CARING FOR A CLIENt who has a nasogastric tube attached to low suction because of a suspected bowel of the following arterial blood gas results might be expected in this client? a. PH 7.52,PCO2 54 MM HG b. PH 7.42,PCO2 40 MM HG c. PH 7.25 , PC02 25 MM HG d. PH 7.38,PCO2 36 MM HG 35. A 78 year old female presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath.Her daughter is at the bedside and shares that the client has a history of heart failure. You place the client on the cardiac monitor and find that the client is in atrial fibrillation at a rate of 180 beats per of the following are you concerns regarding this rhythm( select all that apply) a. Potential for embolic event b. Hypotension due to elevated heart rate c. Worsening heart failure d. Dizziness and light-headness e. Cerebral edema 36. The nurse is caring for a 55 year old male who presented to his primary physician’s office for his yearly check-up.Upon the physical assessment the provider noted enlarged lymph nodes in the groin and neck region. The provider questioned joe regarding the possible causes of the of the following diagnosis are consistent with this finding.a. Lymphoma b. Sickle cell anemia c. Leukemia d. Polycythemia vera. 37. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a client in atrial fibrillation with a rate of 180 beats per minute? a. Apply compression stockings b. Administer anticoagulants c. Administer medications to slow the rate d. Monitor urine output 38. The nurse is caring for a 65 year old client female who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath and chest client has not been feeling well for the past few days and complaints of a productive cough of blood -tinged atory tests reveal an elevated brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP) , and chest X ray reveals pulmonary congestion.Based on the assessment of the following diagnosis are consistent with these findings. a. Heart failure ( left sided) b. Pulmonary embolism c. Heart failure ( right sided) d. Lung cancer. 39. You are providing care to a client with left untreated which of the following is the client at risk of developing a. Cardiac tamponade b. Pneumonia c. Pulmonary embolism d. Deep vein thrombosis 40. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin 125 mcg po able is digoxin 0.25 t=mg/ many tablets should the nurse administer per dose( round to the nearest tenth , one decimal places) use a trailing zero.Anser numerically notlabel 0.5 41. A nurse is caring for a client who presented to the emergency department with complaints of fatigue,palpitations,and chest pain, upon assessment the provider notes ab s3 and s4 gallop,weak peripheral pulses , and provider orders a chest x ray and reveals left ventricular dilation .which of the following disorders is consistent with these findings. a. Dilated cardiomyopathy b. Restrictive cardiomyopathyc. Pericarditis d. Cardiac tamponade 42. Which of the following medications are utilized to treat peripheral artery disease(PAD) a. Antiplatelet drugs b. Antibiotics c. Nitroglycerin d. Diuretics, 43. The nurse receives an order to infuse heparin 1000 units/hr IV. the IV bag contains 25000 units heparin in 500 ml D5W.calculate the IV rate in ml/hr ( record the answer as a whole number) 20 44. A hospitalized client has a platelet count of 58,000 /mm3 ( 58 times 109/L).what action by the nurse is best a. Encourage high protein b. Institute neutropenic precautions c. Limit visitors to healthy adults d. Apply ice to bruises or sites of injury. 45. Which of the following client is most at risk for developing endocarditis a. A client who recently underwent a valve replacement b. A client with marfan’s syndrome c. A client recently diagnosed with mitral stenosis d. A client who recently had a valve replacement and had dental work recently performed. 46. A NURSE IS planning a diet for a client who is iron of the following foods high in iron should the nurse include in the plan. a. Oranges b. Cashews c. Red meat d. Yogurt. 47. A nurse sets an infusion pump to infuse 1 L of D5NS at the rate of 100 ml/hr How many hours will it take to complete the infusion? Hours. ( record as a whole number) 10 48. Which of the following assessment findings is consistent with mitral valve prolapse. a. Systolic clickb. Urinary frequency c. Atrial fibrillation d. Claudication 49. A nurse is caring for a client who was received in the emergency department with a heart of 220 beats per client's cardiac monitoring displays supraventricular tachycardia ( SVT).which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate. a. Apply compression stockings b. Check blood glucose c. Draw labs d. Vagal maneuver. 50. Which of the following is a treatment option for a client with infective endocarditis a. Antimicrobials b. antihypertensive s c. Diet modifications d. Bedrest. g hourly rounding ,the nurse enters a room where the client is unresponsive without a is the priority action a. Call the family b. Begin ventilation at 1 breath every 6 to 8 seconds c. Start chest compression at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute. d. Wait for the emergency response team for direction 52. The nurse is caring for a client with mitral regurgitation. Which of the following would you anticipate the client to develop if left untreated? a. Myocardial ischemia b. Left-sided heart failure c. Right-sided heart failure d. Renal failure 53. Which of the following is a possible treatment plan for a client with leukemia a. Therapeutic phlebotomy b. Stem cell transplant c. Splenectomy d. Dialysis 54. The nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical -surgical client should the nurse see first a. A client with pyelonephritis with nausea and vomiting b. A client with post-total abdominal hysterectomy with 9/10 abdominal pain c. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with an oxygen saturation of 89% on room aird. A client with post-prostatectomy with bright red blood and clots in his catheter. 55. Which of the following interventions should be included in the nutrition care plan of the client with atherosclerosis ? a. Increase saturated fat b. Increase daily intake of vegetables ,fruits , and whole grains c. Limit sodium intake to 6 g per day d. Increase full-fat dairy products. 56. You are caring for a client who presented to the emergency department with pulmonary client is hypotensive with a pulse oximeter regarding 85% on room of the following is a nursing priority a. Administer diuretics b. Administer iv fluids c. Administer oxygen d. Obtain a chest x-ray. 57. A client states that their legs have pain with walking that decreases with nurse observes absence of hair on the client’s lower extremities and the client has a thready, walker posterior tibial should be the best position to have the client’s legs. a. Elevated on pillows b. Crossed at the knee c. Slightly bent with a pillow under the knees d. Dependent position 58.A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with hypertension which of the following should be included in the discharge teaching a. Only check your blood pressure at a clinic or pharmacy b. Diet changes are not recommended c. Decrease physical activity to avoid spikes in blood pressure d. Adhere to prescribed medications 59. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a client experiencing a transfusion reaction a. Stop transfusion immediately b. Notify the provider c. Flush the IV line d. Check vital signs 60. Which of the following is a treatment option for a client with sickle cell disease a. Pain management with NSaids only b. Arthrocentesis c. NPO diet d. IV fluid bolus61. The nurse is discharging at home a client at risk for venous thromboembolism on enoxaparin sodium. What instruction is a priority for the nurse to provide to this client. a. Notify your health provider if your stools appear dark or tarry b. Massage the injection site after the heparin is injected c. You must have your PT/INR checked every 2 weeks. d. You must have your aPTT checked every 72 hours. 62.. Which of the following is a common early assessment finding consistent with a diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis a. Flank pain b. Fever c. Hypoglycemia d. Liver dysfunction 63. A nurse is caring for a 19 year old male client diagnosed with of the following interventions is appropriate for the care of this client? a. Strict hand hygiene to prevent infection b. Fluid restriction c. Low residue diet d. Therapeutic phlebotomy 64. A female client is being treated for a deep vein thrombosis she developed post-operatively about one week ago and was treated with unfractionated she presents to the clinic with petechiae on bilateral hands and feet. Laboratory results show a platelet count of 42,000 /mm3( 42 times 109/L).the nurse is concerned about a drug reaction and anticipates the client has which of the following a. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia b. Hemophilia A ( classic hemophilia) c. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura d. Sickle cell crisis 65. Which of the following is a pharmacologic treatment option for a client with dilated cardiomyopathy( select all that apply) a. .diuretic b. Sodium tablets c. Digoxin d. Phentermine e. Anticholinergic 66. Which of the following is the most common assessment related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura a. Bruising b. Fatiguec. Confusion d. Fever 67. A male client is presenting with radiating chest of the following would the nurse recognize as indicators that an acute myocardial infarction may be occurring. ( select all that apply) a. Positioning troponin markers b. ST-elevation on EKG on two contiguous leads c. History of atherosclerosis d. Pain radiating in jaw,back,shoulder or abdomen. e. Pain relieved with rest. 68. The client is admitted for heart failure and has edema neck vein distension and ascites .what is the most accurate way to monitor fluid gain or loss in this client. a. Check for pitting edema in the dependent body parts b. Auscultate the lungs for crackles or wheezing c. Assess skin turgor and the condition of mucus membranes d. Weight the client daily at the same time with the same scale. 69. A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with left ventricular heart is an early sign the client is most likely to report a. Abdominal distention b. Weight gain c. Swollen legs d. Nocturnal coughing 70. A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with Hemophilia .which of the following laboratory tests is consistent with that diagnosis. a. Decreased bleeding b. Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time c. Prolonged prothrombin time d. Decreased platelet count 71. The nurse is reviewing the laboratory values for a of the following lab values the nurse address immediately a. Creatine 6.2 mg/dl b. Phosphorus 5.1 mg/dl c. Potassium 5.9 mmol/L d. Sodium 147 mEq/L 72. The nurse is caring for four clients on a post-surgical nurse understands that monitoring the client for which post-operative complication takes priority a. Constipation b. Nauseac. Urinary retention d. Pneumonia 73. A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas ( ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia.PH ,7.51 , pac02 28 mm HG, pa02 70 mm HG ,and HC03 ,25 mEq/L .what do these values indicate a. Metabolic acidosis b. Respiratory alkalosis c. Respiratory acidosis d. Metabolic alkalosis 74. A nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical-surgical client should the nurse see first a. A client with hypertension with a blood pressure of 172/92 mm HG b. A client with a history of asthma complaining of increased dyspnea c. A client ready for discharge education after treatment of an acute kidney injury d. A client with pain that is two days postoperative from a prostatectomy nurse assesses a client and documents findings edema 2+ bilateral ankles,brown pigmentation of lower extremity skin,acting pain of lower extremities when standing that resolves with elevation and 2+pedal pulses what condition does the client likely have? a. Deep vein thrombosis b. Venous insufficiency c. Peripheral arterial disease d. Raynaud’s disease.