Rasmussen College MDC 3 FINAL Exam | 100% Correct Answers | Latest 2024 Version

Rasmussen College MDC 3 FINAL Exam | 100% Correct Answers | Latest 2024 Version 1. The nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse see first? A. A client with hypertension with a blood pressure of 172/92 mm Hg. B. A client with pain that is two days postoperative from a prostatectomy. C. A client ready for discharge education after treatment of an acute kidney injury. D. A client with a history of asthma complaining of increased dyspnea. 2. When educating a female client on the signs and symptoms of myocardial infarction, the nurse recognizes which of the following should be included in the teaching? A. Women experience intermittent claudication B. Substernal chest pain is the most common symptom in women C. Pain usually resolves with rest and relaxation D. Older adults and women often present with atypical signs and symptoms. 3. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a client in atrial fibrillation with a rate of 180 beats per minute? A. Administer medications to slow the rate B. Monitor urine output C. Administer anticoagulants D. Apply compression stockings 4. The nurse educates the client that besides an echocardiogram, which of the following tests is the best tool for diagnosing heart failure? A. Pulmonary artery catheter B. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) C. Radionuclide studies D. Multigated angiophaphic scan (MUGA) 5. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with polycythemia vera. Which of the following should the nurse include in the client and family education? A. Resume normal activity B. Diet high in vitamin K intake C. Decrease fluid intake to no more than 1 liter per day D. Wear support hose while awake 6. The nurse is caring for a client who presented to the emergency department with pulmonary edema. The client is hypotensive with a pulse oximeter reading of 85% on room air. Which of the following is a nursing priority? A. Administer IV fluids B. Obtain a chest x-ray C. Administer diuretics D. Administer oxygen7. The nurse is caring for four clients on a post-surgical unit. The nurse understands that monitoring the client for which post-operative compilation takes priority? A. Nausea B. Pneumonia C. Constipation D. Urinary retention 8. A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has recently diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following should be included in the client teaching? (SATA) A. Medication teaching B. Low sodium diet C. Weekly weights D. Symptoms to report to the provider E. Fluid restriction 9. The nurse is caring for a client with mitral regurgitation. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate the client to develop if left untreated? A. Left-sided heart failure B. Renal failure C. Right-sided heart failure D. Myocardial Ischemia 10. A nurse is caring for a 65-year old male who recently underwent an aortic valve replacement. Which of the following is a postoperative nursing care priority? A. Dressing change B. Assess for bleeding C. Advance diet as tolerated D. Temperature monitoring 11. A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with hypertension. Which of the following should be included in the discharge teaching? A. Adherence to sodium restrictions B. Decrease physical activity to avoid spikes in blood pressure C. Only check blood pressure at a clinic or pharmacy D. Diet changes are not recommended 12. A nurse is caring for a client with a history of an abdominal aortic aneurism. Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate intervention? A. Nausea and vomiting B. Back pain C. Decreased urine output D. Absent peripheral pulses13. A nurse is caring for a 19-year old male recently diagnosed with leukemia. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for the care of this client? A. Strict hand hygiene to prevent infection B. Therapeutic phlebotomy C. Low residual diet D. Fluid restriction 14. The nurse is discharging home a client at risk for venous thromboembolism on enoxaparin sodium. What instruction is a priority for the nurse to provide to this client? A. “You must have your prothrombin time (PT)/International normalized ratio (INR) checked every 2 weeks.” B. “Notify your health care provider if your stools appear dark or tarry.” C. “Massage the injection site after the heparin is injected.” D. “You must have your activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) checked every 72 hours.” 15. Which of the following assessment findings are consistent with aortic stenosis? A. Systolic click B. Harsh systolic crescendo decrescendo murmur C. Pitting edema D. Atrial fibrillation 16. The nurse is assessing a client with severe anemia. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to see in this client? A. Bradycardia B. Pale, cool skin C. Warm, flushed skin D. Hypertension 17. Which of the following would predispose a client to mitral stenosis? A. Obesity B. Rheumatic fever C. Diabetes D. Intravenous drug use 18.A hospitalized client has a platelet count of 58,000/mm3 (58 x 109/L). What action by the nurse is best? A. Limit visitors to healthy adults. B. Implement fall precautions. C. Institute neutropenic precautions. D. Encourage high-protein foods.19. Which of the following assessment findings is a priority during a blood transfusion? A. Headache B. Join pain C. Chest pain D. Fatigue 20. Which of the following medications are appropriate for the treatment of heart failure? (SATA) A. Diuretics B. Antibiotics C. Bronchodilators D. Digoxin E. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors 21. Which of the following is a treatment option for a client with sickle cell disease? A. NPO diet B. Pain management with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) only C. Blood product administration D. Arthrocentesis 22. The nurse questions which order for a client with thrombocytopenia? A. Apply ice to areas of trauma B. Test all urine and stool for the presence of occult blood C. Avoid enemas D. Administer Intramuscular (IM) medication 23. A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with left ventricular heart failure. What is an early sign the client is most likely to report? A. Abdominal distention B. Dyspnea on exertion C. Weight gain D. Swollen legs 24. The nurse knows that hemolytic reactions to blood transfusions occur most often within the first milliliters of the infusion. A. 50 B. 75 C. 125 D. 10025. A client is receiving treatment for the diagnosis of hemophilia A. Which of the following is the most appropriate to include in the assessment of this client? A. Cranial nerve B. Urine output C. Appetite D. Joint pain and bruising 26. The nurse receives an order to infuse heparin 1200 units/hr IV. The bag contains 25,000 units heparin in 500mL D5W. Calculate the IV rate in mL/hr. mL/hr. (Record answer as a whole number). 24 27. A client states that their legs have pain with walking that decreases with rest. The nurse observes absence of hair on the client’s lower extremities and the client has a thready, weakened posterior tibial pulse. What would be the best position to have the client’s legs? A. Crossed at the knee B. Hanging down C. Elevated above the heart D. Slightly bent with three pillows under the knees. 28. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with atherosclerosis. Which of the following is considered a risk factor for the development of this disorder? A. Diet high in vitamin K B. Vegan diet C. Low HDL-C/High LDL-C D. High HDL-C / Low LDL -C 29. A client diagnosed with stable angina is complaining of substernal chest pain, rating the pain 5 out of 10. What would be the priority action by the nurse? A. Administer morphine B. Administer nitroglycerin intravenously immediately C. Administer 325 mg of chewable aspirin immediately D. Administer the client’s prescribed beta-blocker 30. A nurse in a hematology clinic is working with four clients who have polycythemia vera. Which client should the nurse see first? A. Client who reports dyspnea B. Client who reports calf tenderness and swelling C. Client with a blood pressure of 180/98 mm Hg D. Client with a swollen and painful left great toe31. The client is admitted for a heart failure and has edema, neck vein distension, and ascites. What is the most accurate way to monitor fluid gain or loss in this client? A. Weigh the client daily at the same time with the same scale. B. Auscultate the lungs for crackles or wheezing. C. Check for pitting edema in the dependent body parts. D. Assess skin turgor and the condition of mucus membranes. 32. While performing an admission assessment for a client, the nurse notes that the client has varicose veins with ulcerations and lower extremity edema with a feeling of heaviness. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse identify as the priority in the client’s care. A. Impaired skin integrity B. Alteration in body image C. Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion D. Alteration in activity tolerance 33. A nurse is caring for a client who was received in the emergency department with a heart rate of 220 per minute. The client’s cardiac monitor displays supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate? A. Draw labs B. Perform Valsalva maneuver C. Apply compression stockings D. Check blood glucose 34. A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with peripheral artery disease. Which of the following is a common assessment finding? A. 4+ pedal pulses B. 3+ pedal pulses C. 1+ pedal pulses D. Bounding pulses in all 4 extremities 35. A nurse is caring for a client who recently underwent a heart transplant. Which of the following postoperative nursing interventions is the priority? A. Maintain strict bedrest B. Advance diet as tolerated C. Educate the client on medications D. Ensure strict adherence to aseptic techniques36. The nurse is caring for a 65-year -old female who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath and chest discomfort. The client has not been feeling well for the past few days and complains of a productive cough of blood-tinged sputum. Laboratory tests reveal an elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and chest x-rays reveals pulmonary congestion. Based on the assessment findings, which of the following diagnoses are consistent with these findings? A. Lung cancer B. Heart failure (right-sided) C. Pulmonary embolism D. Heart failure (left-sided) 37. A male client is presenting with radiating chest pain. Which of the following would the nurse recognize as indicators that an acute myocardial infarction may be occurring? (SATA) A. Pain radiating in jaw, back, shoulder, or abdomen B. Positive troponin markers C. ST-elevation on EKG on two contiguous leads D. Pain relieved with rest E. Diaphoresis 38. Which of the following is the most common assessment finding related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura? A. A reddish-purple fine petechial rash B. Fever greater than 102.0 degrees F C. Extreme fatigue D. Confusion in the elderly 39. A client admitted for sickle cell crisis is distraught after learning her child also has the disease. What response by the nurse is best? A. “It’s understandable that you are upset about this news. Would you like to talk about what you’re feeling?” B. “It’s not your fault; there is no way to know who will have this disease.” C. “Both you and the father are equally responsible for passing it on.” D. “There are many good treatments for sickle cell disease these days.” 40. The nurse is working in the emergency department and has four clients arrive at the same time. Which client should the nurse see first? A. A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reporting increased dyspnea. B. A client who has a facial fracture with severe facial and oral swelling. C. A client who states she has not urinated in 8 hours. D. A client requesting antibiotics for a cough41. The family of a neutropenic client reports that the client is confused and “is not acting right.” What action by the nurse is the priority? A. Ask the client about pain. B. Look at today’s laboratory results. C. Delegate taking a set of vital signs. D. Assess the client for urinary tract infection. 42. The nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse see first? A. A client with pyelonephritis with nausea and vomiting. B. A client post-total abdominal hysterectomy with 9/10 abdominal pain. C. A client post vaginoplasty with a bright red blood and clots in her catheter. D. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with an oxygen saturation of 90% on room air. 43. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who recently underwent a mechanical valve replacement. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the client’s correct understanding of the discharge teaching regarding warfarin anticoagulant therapy? A. “I can lead a normal life while on anticoagulants; no restrictions are required.” B. “I may need to modify my diet while on this medication.” C. “Additional monitoring is not required while on the anticoagulant.” D. “I do not need to take my prescribed medication for the rest of my life.” 44. A 65-year-old male client is brought via EMS to the emergency department with chest pain.He rates the pain as a “10” on a scale from 0-10; the pain is located mid-sternum and radiates to his left arm. His heart rate is 126 beats/minute and blood pressure is 96/60 mm Hg. A 12-lead electrocardiogram is performed and reveals ST- segment elevation. Which of the following interventions does the nurse anticipate performing immediately? (SATA) A. Administer a statin B. Administer oxygen C. Administer a beta-blocker D. Administer nitroglycerin E. Administer morphine 45. The nurse assesses a client and documents the following findings: “edema 2+ bilateral ankles, brown pigmentation of lower extremity skin, aching pain of lower extremities when standing that resolves with elevation, and 2+ pedal pulses.” What condition does the client likely have? A. Raynaud’s disease B. Venous insufficiency C. Deep vein thrombosis D. Peripheral arterial disease46. Which of the following clients is most at risk for developing endocarditis? A. A client with Marfan’s syndrome B. A client who recently had a valve replacement and had dental work recently performed C. A client recently diagnosed with mitral stenosis D. A client who recently underwent a valve replacement 47. The nurse is caring for a 55-year-old male who presented to his primary physician’s office for his yearly check-up. Upon the physical assessment, the provider noted enlarged lymph nodes in the groin and neck region. The provider questioned Joe regarding the possible causes of the finding. Which of the following diagnosis are consistent with this finding? A. Lymphoma B. Polycythemia vera C. Leukemia D. Sickle cell anemia 48. Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate for a client with sickle cell disease? (SATA) A. Provide a warm environment B. Encourage fluid intake C. Administer intravenous morphine D. Keep the client strictly NPO E. Prepare the client for surgery 49. A client suffering from a narcotic overdose is seen in the Emergency Department. The client is confused, with warm, flushed skin, headache, and weakness. Vital signs of noted are temperature 102.6 F, heart rate 128 beats/minute, respirations 24 breaths/minute, and blood pressure 130/86 mm Hg. A blood gas analysis sample was drawn on room air, and the results are as follows: pH 7.33, PaCO2 53 mm Hg, PaO2 72 mm Hg 24 mEq/L. This client is at risk for which of the following? A. Respiratory acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis 50. A female client is being treated for a deep-vein thrombus she developed post-operatively about one week ago and was treated with unfractionated heparin. Today she presents to the clinic with petechiae on bilateral hands and feet. Laboratory results show a platelet count of 42,000/mm3 (42 x 109/L. The nurse is concerned about a drug reaction and anticipates the client has which of the following? A. Hemophilia A (Classic hemophilia) B. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) C. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) D. Sickle cell crisis51. Which of the following is a pharmacologic treatment option for a client with dilated cardiomyopathy? (SATA) A. Phentermine B. Sodium tablets C. Digoxin D. Diuretics E. Anticholinergic 52. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin 125 mcg POdaily. Available is digoxin PO 0.25 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? Round the answer to the nearest tenth, or one decimal place. 0.5 53. Which of the following medications are utilized to treat peripheral artery disease (PAD)? A. Nitroglycerin B. Antiplatelet drugs C. Antibiotics D. Diuretics 54. A 65-year-old female presented to the emergency room with complaints of progressively worsening fatigue, shortness of breath, and palpitations. Upon, heart rate is 130 beats per minute and irregular, and there is positive jugular vein distention. Heart tones reveal a high-pitched holosystolic murmur. Which of the following disorders are consistent with these findings? A. Mitral regurgitation B. Mitral stenosis C. Aortic regurgitation D. Mitral valve prolapse 55. The nurse is providing care to a client with pericarditis. If left untreated, which of the following is the client at risk of developing? A. Pulmonary embolism B. Cardiac tamponade C. Deep vein thrombosis D. Pneumonia 56. During hourly rounding, the nurse enters a room where the client is unresponsive without a pulse. What is the nurse’s priority action? A. Start chest compressions at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute B. Call the family C. Wait for the emergency response team for direction D. Begin ventilation at 1 breath every 6-8 seconds57. A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with end-stage kidney disease: 7.26; PaCO2 37 mm Hg; PaO2 94 mm Hg; and HCO2 15 mEq/L. What do these values indicate? A. Respiratory acidosis B. Metabolic acidosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Metabolic alkalosis 58. A nurse is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with hemophilia. Which of the following laboratory tests is consistent with that diagnosis? A. Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time B. Decreased platelet count C. Decreased bleeding time D. Prolonged prothrombin time 59. Which of the following interventions should be included in the nutrition care plan of the client with atherosclerosis? A. Limit sodium intake to 6 g per day B. Increase saturated fats C. Increase daily intake of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains D. Increase full-fat dairy products 60. A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with leukemia. Which of the following signs and symptoms are consistent with this diagnosis? (SATA) A. Increased urination B. Bruising C. Bone pain D. Weight gain E. Bleeding gums 61. Which of the following is a possible treatment plan for a client diagnosed with leukemia? A. Splenectomy B. Stem cell transplant C. Therapeutic phlebotomy D. Dialysis 62. The nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client. Which of the following lab value should the nurse address immediately? A. Creatinine 6.2 mg/dl B. Phosphorus 5.1 mg/dL C. Potassium 5.9 mmol/L D. Sodium 147 mEq/L63. The nurse knows which of the following is the most common problem for a client with valvular heart disease? A. Altered body image B. Difficulty coping C. Bradycardia D. Decreased cardiac output 64. A nurse is caring for a client who presented to the emergency department with complaints of fatigue, palpitations, and chest pain. Upon assessment, the provider notes an S3 and S4 gallop, weak peripheral pulses, and tachycardia. The provider orders a chest x-ray and echocardiogram, which reveals left ventricular dilation. Which of the following disorders is consistent with these findings? A. Pericarditis B. Cardiac tamponade C. Dilated cardiomyopathy D. Restrictive cardiomyopathy 65. A nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with pericarditis. Which of the following is a common assessment finding with this disorder? A. Elevated troponin B. Heart failure C. Pericardial friction rub D. ST-segment depression 66. Which of the following is the surgical treatment of choice for end-stage heart failure? A. Genetic counseling B. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) C. Percutaneous angiogram D. Ventricular assist devices (VADs) 67. Which of the following procedures are performed for a client with a pericardial effusion? A. Pericardiocentesis B. Thoracentesis C. Coronary artery bypass graft D. Thoracotomy 68. A nurse is planning a diet for a client who is iron deficient. Which of the following foods high in iron should the nurse include in the plan? A. Leafy green vegetables B. Cashews C. Oranges D. Yogurt69. A nurse is caring for four clients with leukemia. After hand-off report, which client should the nurse see first? A. Client who has been premedicated for nausea prior to chemotherapy B. Client who had two bloody diarrhea stools this morning C. Client who is crying and feeling lonely D. Client with an unchanged lesion to the lower right lateral malleolus 70. A nurse sets an infusion pump to infuse 1 L of D5NS at the rate of 100 mL/hr. How many hours will it take to complete the infusion? hours. (Record answer as a whole number. 10 71. Which of the following clients would not be a candidate for thrombolytic therapy? A. Client age 65 years B. Client with a pulse of 102 beats/minute C. Client with a blood pressure of 100/60 mm Hg D. Client with a history of hemorrhagic stroke one month ago 72. Which of the following is the priority nursing interventions for a client experiencing a transfusion reaction? A. Flush the IV B. Stop transfusion immediately C. Notify the provider D. Check vital signs 73. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an adverse effect of the medication? A. “I feel nauseated and have no appetite.” B. “I’ve had a backache for several days.” C. “I am urinating more frequently.” D. “I can walk a mile a day.” 74. A 78-year-old female presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath. The client's daughter is at the bedside and shares that the client has a history of heart failure. The nurse places the client on the cardiac monitor and finds that the client is in atrial fibrillation at a rate of 180 beats per minute. Which is a likely finding? A. Lethargy B. Hypotension C. Bounding pulses D. Edema75. Which of the following is a treatment option for a client with infective endocarditis? A. Antimicrobials B. Bedrest C. Diet modification D. Antihypertensives