BIO 172 Pre-Questions and Answers with Certified Solutions

BIO 172 Pre-Questions and Answers with Certified Solutions A spermatheca A. Is a component of the male reproductive system used to create male gametes B. Is a component of the male reproductive system used to store male gametes C. Is a component of the male reproductive system used to sort viable male gametes from non- viable male gametes D. Is a component of the male reproductive system used to deliver male gametes to females E. Is a component of the female reproductive system used to store male gametes E. Is a component of the female reproductive system used to store male gametes Internal fertilizations occurs in organism that have A. viviparity B. ovoviparity C. oviparity D. all of the above E. none of the above D. all of the above Which of the following is true of gastrulation? A. Four germ layers will develop B. A hollow ball of cells will form at this stage C. The blastula becomes a solid mass of cells D. The mesoderm germ layer will form the nervous system E. Cells of the blastula migrate spatially, resulting in the blastula folding upon itself. E. Cells of the blastula migrate spatially, resulting in the blastula folding upon itself. An acrosome is a structure A. in eggs that helps present polyspermy B. in eggs that helps attract sperm C. in a sperm cell that helps prevent polyspermy D. in a sperm cell that helps the sperm penetrate an egg E. in a sperm cell that provides energy that drives the flagellum D. in a sperm cell that helps the sperm penetrate an egg A duck reproduces by A. viviparity B. ovoviparity C. oviparity D. spawning E. external fertilization C. oviparity In the experiment by Spemann and Mangold (which was conducted using an amphibian in 1924), not only did a second notochord form from the transplanted cells, but cells surrounding the transplanted cells also became part of the second notochord. What does this finding suggest about the process of animal (or amphibian) development? A. All cells in an embryo have a defined fate that cannot be changed. B. Having two notochords may be adaptive C. Embryo transplantation experiments are difficult and usually end in failure D. Certain embryonic cells have the ability to induce the differentiation of neighboring cells E. The nervous system controls organogenesis during early embryo development and disruption of this system will lead to abnormalities during development D. Certain embryonic cells have the ability to induce the differentiation of neighboring cells During the process of oogenesis, which of the following is true? A. an oocycte will undergo mitosis B. an oogonium will undergo meiosis C. two haploid polar bodies are discarded D. primary oocytes are haploid E. none of the above C. two haploid polar bodies are discarded Which of the following is in correct chronological order? A. increasing progesterone, ovulation, follicle maturation B. ovulation, increasing progesterone, growth of the uterine lining C. menstruation, development of the corpus luteum, ovulation D. peak in estradiol, menstruation, ovulation E. follicle growth, peak in progesterone release, ovulation B. ovulation, increasing progesterone, growth of the uterine lining Which of the following is not a possible advantage of asexual reproduction? A. larger initial size of offspring allows higher offspring survival rate B. one individual colonist can start a new population C. no need to invest energy in copulatory organs