LATEST WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL 2024 EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADY GRADED A+

LATEST WGU D236 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUA L 2024 EXAM 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |ALRE ADY GRADED A+ When Noah's parents used in vitro fertilization with genetic testing, they obtained three embryos. One of the embryos had two copies of the sickle cell gene. Both of the other embryos had one copy of the sickle cell gene, and Noah's sister was conceived us ing one of these embryos. Thus, she is a carrier for the sickle cell trait. If Noah's mother has a child with a man who has two healthy copies of the sickle cell gene, what is the probability that her child will also be a carrier? 50% 100% 75% 25% - CORR ECT ANSWER ✔✔ 50% Rational: Noah's sister has one sickle cell gene and one healthy copy. The probability of her contributing the sickle cell gene is 50%. Fifty percent of the time, she is expected to contribute a healthy copy of the gene. During a routine ultrasound, a woman finds out she is carrying a child with spina bifida. She had been taking a prenatal vitamin while she was trying to conceive. Which two risk factors may have contributed to her child's birth defect? Anemia and asthma Obesity and asthma Obesity and diabetes Anemia and depression correct - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ Obesity and diabetes An ultrasound reveals that a woman's baby is a boy. If she is a carrier for hemophilia, what is the probability her son will have hemophilia? 50% 75% 100% 25% - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ 50% Rational: The woman has two copies of the X chromosome. One of the woman's X chromosomes has the allele that causes hemophilia, and one has a healthy allele. Therefore, she is expected to pass on the disease -causing allele 50% of the time. Since her son only inherits one X chromosome, inheriting one allele that causes hemophilia would give him the disease. Noah, who has sickle cell anemia, is encouraged by recent gene therapy studies. Rather than fixing the defective gene, the tr eatment tells the body to begin making a fetal form of hemoglobin. How does sickle cell anemia affect the body? Individuals with sickle cell anemia lack the gene for the fetal form of hemoglobin. In individuals with sickle cell anemia, the genes for both fetal hemoglobin and the adult form of hemoglobin have mutations that cause the disease. Individuals with sickle cell anemia are heterozygous for the sickle cell gene and possess one good copy of the sickle cell gene. In individuals with sickle cell ane mia, the gene for the fetal form of hemoglobin does not have a sickle cell mutation. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ In individuals with sickle cell anemia, the gene for the fetal form of hemoglobin does not have a sickle cell mutation. Which effect does alcohol consum ption have during pregnancy on the development of the brain? It increases the volume of the frontal lobe, but the overall volume of the brain is unchanged. It decreases brain volume. It decreases the volume of the occipital lobe, but the overall volume of the brain is unchanged. It increases the proliferation of neuronal cells. unanswered - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ It decreases brain volume. What does Down syndrome result from? Exposure to alcohol during embryonic development A single point mutation An extra copy of chromosome 21 An extra copy of chromosome 9 - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ Down syndrome results from an extra copy of chromosome 21. Your patient has experienced significant blood loss due to an injury incurred in a car accident. Which physiological response is to be expected? Vasodilation will help to reduce blood pressure. ADH will stimulate the kidneys to reabsorb more water. The adrenal gland will stop releasing aldosterone. The RAAS will be inactivated. correct - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ ADH will sti mulate the kidneys to reabsorb more water. Respiratory rate increases during exercise. How does this increased respiratory rate allow the body to maintain a homeostatic pH level? The increased inhalation of CO2 helps to increase pH. The increased exhalat ion of CO2 helps to decrease pH. The increased inhalation of CO2 helps to decrease pH. The increased exhalation of CO2 helps to increase pH. - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ The increased exhalation of CO2 helps to increase pH. An ICU patient's arterial blood gas result s show low pH and low CO2 levels. The patient's respiratory rate is increased. What is the name of this condition? Respiratory acidosis Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis Respiratory alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER ✔✔ Metabolic acidosis Rational: Since the pH is low, and the pH and CO2 are trending in the same direction, the condition is metabolic acidosis. The low CO2 indicates that CO2 is not causing the acidosis. The increased respiratory rate lowers blood CO2 in an attempt to compensa te for the metabolic acidosis. Your patient has type I diabetes and has developed kidney disease requiring dialysis. The patient is diligent about caring for themselves and wants to maintain as much independence as possible. What course of treatment would address the patient's kidney disease while allowing the patient to care for this condition at home?