ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers)

ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) 45-65% Carbohydrates make up __________ % of calories. -Create energy -Regulate fat/protein metabolism -Important in cardiac and CNS function Carbohydrates function to: Glycogen stored carbohydrate energy in the liver and muscles, released in between meals to maintain blood glucose levels. 4 Carbohydrates provide _____ calories/gram of energy. 25g for women 38g for men Recommended fiber intake per day: 10-35% Protein should make up ________% of calories. -Tissue building -Metabolism -Immune function -Maintain nitrogen balance -Wound healing -ENERGY SOURCE WHEN CARBOHYDRATE OR FAT SOURCES ARE DIMINISHED. Protein functions to: Complete Proteins contain sufficient amounts of 9 essential amino acids (animal sources, soy) Incomplete Proteins (Plant sources) can be combined to make a complete protein; Ex: lentils, vegetables, grains, nuts and seeds. 4 Protein provides _____ calories/gram of energy. -Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition predominant) -Marasmus (deficiency in calorie intake) Examples of PEM: 20-35% Fats should make up _______% of calories (less than 10% should come from saturated fat, with a goal of less than 7%) -Store energy -Provide padding and insulation -Hormone production -Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins Fats function to: 200-300 Cholesterol should be limited to _________ mg/day. 9 Fats provide ______ calories/gram of energy. -Vitamin C -B-complex vitamins (Thiamin B1, Riboflavin B2, Niacin B3, Pyridoxine B6, Panthothenic acid, Biotin, Folate, Cobalamin B12) Water soluble vitamins: -Vitamins A, D, E, K -Have a risk of toxicity since they are stored in the body for a long time. Fat soluble vitamins: -Cystic Fibrosis -Celiac disease -Crohns disease Conditions that impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins: -Tissue building -Metabolism -IRON ABSORPTION Vitamin C functions to: -Citrus fruits/juices -Tomatoes -Green leafy vegetables -Peppers Foods that contain vitamin C: -Scurvy (symptoms: bleeding, joint pain, swollen gums) Deficiency in vitamin C: Times of stress or illness. It is important to increase vitamin C intake during: SMOKERS Who needs more vitamin C? -Metabolism -Energy -NERVE FUNCTIONING B-Complex vitamins function to: -Meats -Milk -Enriched grains -Whole grains -Legumes -Green leafy vegetables Foods that include B-complex vitamins: -BERIBERI (common in those with alcohol use disorder) Deficiency of Thiamin (B-complex vitamin): -Cheilosis (cracking at corners of mouth) and Glossitis (smooth/swollen red tongue) Deficiency in Riboflavin (B-complex vitamin): -can result in NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS in utero. Deficiency in Folate (B-complex vitamin): -PERNICIOUS ANEMIA (affects strict v