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Samenvatting practicum longfunctie pathofysiologie III

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Samenvatting practicum longfunctie pathofysiologie 3.

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Practicum longfunctie

1. Spirometrie
1.1. Inleiding

Indicaties: Contra-indicaties
- Spirometrie = fundamenteel vr - Spirometrie = fysiek veeleisend
diagnosticeren + monitoren astma &  Geforceerde uitademing 
COPD stijging intracraniële,
- Belangrijkste indicaties voor intrathoracale & intra-
uitvoeren spirometrie: abdominale druk
 Effect v ziekte op longfunctie  Patiënten die neg beïnvl kn
meten worden hierdoor 
 Responsiviteit v luchtwegen voorzichtigheid ! (vb cerebraal
beoordelen aneurysma, recent acuut
 Ziekteverloop / resultaat myocardinfarct,
therapeutische interventies pneumothorax,…)
opvolgen - Respiratoire infectie
 Pre-operatief risico beoordelen  risico’s spirometrie afwegen tgo
 Prognose longaandoeningen voordeel meten longfunctie
bepalen
!! spirometer: kan residueel volume niet meten  bepalen met totale
longcapaciteit via lichaamsplethysmografie

Spirogram

Volume-tijd curve Flow-volume curve

- Y-as = hoeveelh lucht die in-of - Y-as = snelheid (flow) waarmee lucht
uitgeademd w (in L) w uitgeblazen (in L/s)
- X-as = duur maneuver (in s) - X-as = uitgeblazen volume (in L)




!! longvolumes & -capaciteiten: SV p.148

, Meetmethodes

Directe meetmethodes Indirecte meetmethodes

- Klassieke spirometer: meet volumes - Meer hedendaagse spirometers
- Proefopstelling: proefpers ademt - Volume niet rechtstreeks gemeten,
rechtstaand in & uit via mondstuk + maar berekend adhv flow
neus gesloten met klem - 4 types:
- Volumeveranderingen in  Pneumotachograaf
spirometerklok ≈  Turbine
volumeveranderingen in longen  Ultrasoon
- Volumeveranderingen ifv tijd  Anemometer
geregistreerd via computerprogramma
- Uitgeademde lucht na absorptie CO2
teruggeleid nr spirometerklok 
samenstelling ingeademde lucht cst




1.2. Uitvoering spirometrie
CORRECT GEFORCEERD MANOEUVRE
- Vier fasen:
1. Max diepe inademing (inspiratie)
2. Max krachtige uitademing (= snelle start expiratie)
3. Max lange uitademing (= complete expiratie)
4. Diepe inademing (inspiratie)

- Juiste houding !!
 Rechtop zittend
 Schouders nr achter & kin omhoog
 Stoel met armleuningen, zonder wielen
 Neusklem
 Mondstuk met lippen omsluiten




ACCEPTEERBAARHEID
- Criteria flowvolume-tijdcurve & volume-tijdcurve:
1. Goede start van geforceerd maneuver  piekstroom bereikt met scherpe,
enkele piek na snelle stijging

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