2024 Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review (100% correct and graded A+)

Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy? - Answer-To inhibit the development of tolerance What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate? - Answer-Hyperthroidism What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with? - Answer-Propanolol (Inderal) Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? - Answer-Aldosterone antagonist Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? - Answer-Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules, antithrombin III What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during an anaphylactic reaction. - Answer-Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine. What are two systemic psoriasis medications? - Answer-Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I hypertension? - Answer-Thiazide diuretics What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? - Answer-Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells. Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication? - AnswerMedroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-receptor sites? - Answer-Atenolol (Tenormin)What type of action does nitrates have on the body? - Answer-Reduction in systemic venous tone. What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for patients with known coronary artery disease? - Answer-100mg/dl or less. What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs? - Answer-Depressing phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization. Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and reestablish eumetabolic state in a patient with Graves' disease? - Answer-Anti-thyroid drugs.