MTTC Integrated Science Exam questions and answers 100% verified.

MTTC Integrated Science Exam questions and answers 100% verified. Independent Variable - correct answer. The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied. Placed on the x-axis (horizontal) on a graph. Dependent Variable - correct answer. The variable that is measured in an experiment. Placed on the y-axis (vertical) on a graph. Scientific theory - correct answer. Must be repeatable. Possible to be disproved and capable of change. Sampling and Sample Size - correct answer. Random sampling is the preferred, but isn't always possible. A large sample will yield the most accurate information. Manipulating Variables - correct answer. Only one variable should be manipulated at a time. Control variable - correct answer. A factor that is held constant to test the relative impact of an independent variable Response to Lab Accident - correct answer. In most cases, 911 should be called immediately. Response to Fire in a Beaker or Flask - correct answer. Do not use a fire extinguisher. Just place a watch glass or wet towel over it to cut off Oxygen supply. Guidelines for Dissections - correct answer. Specimens should be rinsed before using. Latex glover preferred. Avoid use of formaldehyde/dispose of correctly. Need to provide alternative for students with moral objections to assingment. Storing Lab Chemicals - correct answer. Store all in secured, dry area. Acids locked in separate area. Origin of Biological Sciences - correct answer. Traced back to ancient Greeks (i.e. Aristotle) Andrea Vesalius - correct answer. Dissected human bodies; created a book on anatomy Anton van Leeuwenhoek - correct answer. Father of Microscopy, first to see and describe bacteria, yeast plants, and microscopic life found in water Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) - correct answer. Instead of a light, a beam of electrons pass through specimen. Resolution about 1,000 times greater than light microscope. Will kill specimen though. Robert Hooke - correct answer. Famous for Hook's law describing elasticity. But called a "virtuoso", able to contribute findings to any major field in science Carl Von Linnaeus - correct answer. Famous for binomial system of nomenclature. Each living organism has two names, a genus and species. Considered father of modern ecology and taxonomy Pasteur - correct answer. Discovered role of microorganisms in the cause of disease, pasteurization, and rabies vaccine. Koch's Postulates - correct answer. Specific diseases caused by specific pathogens Cell theory - correct answer. Cell is the common structural unit in plants and animals. Proposed by Mattias Scheleiden and Schwann. Watson and Crick - correct answer. Discovered the structure of DNA was a double helix (in the 1950s). Made it possible to understand how DNA replicated and synthesized proteins Commonalities Among all Sciences - correct answer. - Systems, order, and organization - Evidence, models, and explanation - Constancy, change, and measurement - Evolution and equilibrium - Form and function Empirical Evidence - correct answer. All evidence is empirical; all evidence must be observed by the five sense. Peer-reviewed Journals - correct answer. Most accepted source for information on scientific experiments and studies Air Pollution - correct answer. Chemicals in the air; include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) Water Pollution - correct answer. Contaminants enter water by ground runoff or by leaching Thermal pollution - correct answer. Factories dump water at high temperatures which increases normal water temperatures. This means the water can hold less gas, disrupting the ecosystem Greenhouse gasses - correct answer. I.e. carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Concentration of them is increased by burning fossil fuels. These gasses absorb and trap heat, therefore warming the planet Acid ran - correct answer. Sulfur and nitrous oxides converted to acids and contaminate water supplies Prokaryotes - correct answer. Single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus Flagella - correct answer. Appendages on bacteria cells; used for movement Pili - correct answer. Used by bacteria cells to attach to other cells Cell Wall - correct answer. a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell Cell membrane - correct answer. a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment Eukaryotes - correct answer. organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles Nucleus - correct answer. a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction Nucleolus - correct answer. The organelle where ribosomes are made, synthesized and partially assembled, located in the nucleus Ribosomes - correct answer. site of protein synthesis Endoplasmic Reticulum - correct answer. an internal membrane system in which components of cell membrane and some proteins are constructed Golgi apparatus - correct answer. stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum Lysosomes - correct answer. An organelle containing digestive enzymes; found mostly in animal cells Mitochondria - correct answer. Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production Plastids - correct answer. Include chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and amyloplasts (leucoplasts); only found in photosynthetic organisms Vacuoles - correct answer. saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates Cytoskeleton - correct answer. network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement; made up of microtubles, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments Archaea - correct answer. Single-celled, no nucleus, Live in harsh condisions, oldest organisms on earth Animal vs Plant Cells - correct answer. Animal cells have centrioles (plant cells dont). Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts (animal cells dont) Protists - correct answer. Single celled eukaryotes; include amoeba, paramecium, and euglena Bacteria - correct answer. Simplest microorganisms; have a cell wall, but no nucleus, most don't have chlorophyll, so they don't make their own food Characteristics of Living Things - correct answer. 1. Made of cells, grow, capable of reproduction, and respond to stimuli 2. Adapt to environmental stimuli or perish 3. Carry on metabolic processes. They use and make energy. Mitosis - correct answer. 1. Division of somatic cells 2. Two cells result from each division 3. Chromosome # is identical to parent cells 4. For cell growth and repair Meiosis - correct answer. 1. Division of sex cells 2. Four cells result from each division 3. Chromosome # is half the # of parent cells 4. Recombinations provide genetic diversity