FINAL (BIOD 121 PORTAGE NUTRITION) REVIEW TEST AND STUDY GUIDE

FINAL (BIOD 121 PORTAGE NUTRITION) REVIEW TEST AND STUDY GUIDE 2023- 2024 What is the difference between hunger and appetite - Hunger: Internal drive that prompts negative sensations for us to find food and eat Appetite: External drive that is a positive sensation; a desire to consume specific foods. - CORRECT ANSWER-Hunger: Internal drive that prompts negative sensations for us to find food and eat Appetite: External drive that is a positive sensation; a desire to consume specific foods. True or False. If false, explain why it is false. Nutritional value and taste are often the 2 most important reasons specific foods are consumed in North America - False: Taste and texture are often the 2 most important reasons specific foods are consumed in North America. - CORRECT ANSWER-False: Taste and texture are often the 2 most important reasons specific foods are consumed in North America. __ and __ are often the 2 most important reasons specific foods are consumed in North American - taste, texture - CORRECT ANSWER-taste, texture List two examples of Cognitive external forces that can influence eating habits and comment on your personal experience with each of them - Habits, Comfort foods, Advertising, Social Factors, Nutritional Value - CORRECT ANSWER-Habits, Comfort foods, Advertising, Social Factors, Nutritional Value 1. ______________is the internal drive to find and eat food. Often experienced as a 2. ______________ sensation. - hunger, negative - CORRECT ANSWER-1. Hunger 2. negative Vitamins are considered both: a. Macronutrients and Inorganic b. Macronutrients and Organic c. Micronutrients and Organic d. Micronutrients and Inorganic - CORRECT ANSWER-b. Macronutrients and Organic Define macronutrients - nutrients needed in large amounts in the body - CORRECT ANSWER-nutrients needed in large amounts in the body Protein is considered both - A. Micronutrients and Inorganic B. Macronutrients and Inorganic C. Micronutrients and Organic D. Macronutrients and Organic - CORRECT ANSWER-D. Macronutrients and Organic Define inorganic - any substance that does not contain carbon - CORRECT ANSWER-any substance that does not contain carbon Nutrition is the science that links foods to _____ and ______ - 1. weight; health 2. nutritional value; disease 3. weight; disease 4. health; nutritional value 5. health; disease - CORRECT ANSWER-5. health; disease True or false: Nutrition is the science that links foods to health disease - True - CORRECT ANSWER-True Explain the difference between Internal and External drives that influence our desire to eat - The internal drive is hunger and is associated with negative sensations like churning, growling and pain in the stomach. External drives have to do with appetite and are associated with positive food sensations and lead us to eat when we are not hungry. - CORRECT ANSWER-The internal drive is hunger and is associated with negative sensations like churning, growling and pain in the stomach. External drives have to do with appetite and are associated with positive food sensations and lead us to eat when we are not hungry. Describe hunger and appetite, including their associated drives and sensations in the answer - Hunger is an internal drive associated with churning, growling, or pain in the stomach. Appetite is an external drive associated with pleasant food sensations and leads us to eat when not hungry - CORRECT ANSWERHunger is an internal drive associated with churning, growling, or pain in the stomach. Appetite is an external drive associated with pleasant food sensations and leads us to eat when not hungry List 3 hormones associated with satiety. Explain how at least 1 works to decrease hunger -Leptin -alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center when consuming a meal. Serotonin - affects motility and communicates with the brain for satiety. Cholecystokinin (CCK) - slows down stomach emptying to give a feeling of fullness (also increases bile production and release from gallbladder). - CORRECT ANSWER-Leptin -alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center when consuming a meal. Serotonin - affects motility and communicates with the brain for satiety. Cholecystokinin (CCK) - slows down stomach emptying to give a feeling of fullness (also increases bile production and release from gallbladder). A pharmaceutical company is interested in designing a drug to combat obesity. First, list 2 hormones involved in the regulation of hunger and satiety and state their function. Then, explain why the pharmaceutical would target these to treat obesity - Leptin alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center when consuming a meal. By sensitizing the patient to leptin or triggering it's activity in the brain, the patient would feel fuller and eat less. Ghrelin stimulates the hunger center as it deactivates the satiety center. The drug company could block ghrelin and decrease the feeling of hunger so the patient's eat less. - CORRECT ANSWER-Leptin alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center when consuming a meal. By sensitizing the patient to leptin or triggering it's activity in the brain, the patient would feel fuller and eat less. Ghrelin stimulates the hunger center as it deactivates the satiety center. The drug company could block ghrelin and decrease the feeling of hunger so the patient's eat less. the hormone that alerts the brain to turn off the hunger center and activates the satiety center when consuming a meal. - Leptin - CORRECT ANSWER-Leptin the hormone that affects motility and communicates with the brain for satiety - Serotonin - CORRECT ANSWER-Serotonin