Pathophysiology (WCU w-Song) ch 14 Exam 2024 with complete solutions

Pathophysiology (WCU w-Song) ch 14 Exam 2024 with complete solutions Hemostasis -Answer-Prevention of blood loss after blood vessel is damaged. This process is accomplished by a complex interaction with the vessel wall, circulating platelets, and plasma coagulation proteins. (3 steps) Primary hemostasis -Answer-The initial response to vascular injury involving the interaction between platelets and endothelium of injured vessel. Describe the process of primary hemostasis -Answer-The injured vessels vasoconstricts and prevent blood loss. The platelet plug forms when platelets adhere to endothelial collagen and clump together at the site of injury. Secondary hemostasis -Answer-Involves the formation of a fibrin cloth through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways; coagulation. Describe the process of secondary hemostasis -Answer-Clotting factors are activated via the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways that catalyze the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. A fibrin clot or coagulation forms at the site of injury to maintain hemostasis. Clot retraction stage -Answer-The final stage of clot formation. Components of a fibrin clot (platelet plug, fibrin strands, and trapped RBC) are compressed to form a firm clot. Where are coagulation factors synthesized? -Answer-liver Coagulation factors -Answer--Factors requiring vitamin K: 2, 7, 9, 10 -extrinsic pathway factors :3, 7 -intrinsic pathway factors: 8, 9, 11, 12 -common pathway factors: 1, 2, 5, 10, 13 Intrinsic pathway of coagulation -Answer-Blood comes in contact with altered vascular endothelium. Factor XII initiate the pathway. Extrinsic pathway of coagulation -Answer-Happens when vascular wall is is injured.Factor III activates this a pathway. Common final pathway of coagulation -Answer-Initiated by factor X, factor X is also found in intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Vitamin C and antithrombin III (ATIII) -Answer-Promote anticoagulation