AAMC FL 4 P- S Exam Questions and Answers 2024

AAMC FL 4 P- S Exam Questions and Answers 2024 increased skin conductivity (when anticipating aversive event and in the startle response when viewing fear-inducing images) controlled by: -Answer-sympathetic nervous system somatic nervous system controls: -Answer-voluntary movements parietal cortex involved in: -Answer-somatosensory (sensations) and spatial processing (where objects are in space, including body parts) occipital cortex -Answer-processing of visual stimuli unconditioned stimulus -Answer-stimulus that naturally elicits a reflexive behavior discriminating stimuli -Answer-stimuli that occur solely in the presence of a reinforcer behaviorist perspective -Answer-actual outcomes determine behavior psychoanalytic theory -Answer-originates with Freud human behavior is the result of interaction among various components of the mind (id, ego, superego) personality develops according to a series of psychosexual developmental stages humanistic perspective -Answer-individual's subjective free will is the most important determinant of behavior maslov and rogers people strive to become self-actualized - best version of themselves trait perspective -Answer-personality can be conceptualized as a set of common traits that everyone exhibits personality traits are different person to person but within an individual are stable over time and place social cognitive perspective -Answer-emphasizes cognitive processes, like thinking and judging, in the development of personality processes contribute to learned behaviors that are central to one's personality be observing admired role model, one may choose to adopt and emphasize particular traits and behaviors biological perspective -Answer-role of genetics and brain in shaping personality evolutionary theories explore how variation in individual personality variance may be rooted in natural selection behaviorist perspective -Answer-learning perspective actions are responses to external stimuli social learning theory believes that personality and behavior are determined by an individual's cognition about the world around them extrinsic motivation -Answer-any motivation that results from incentives to perform a behavior that are not inherent to the behavior itself includes punishers and reinforcers external motivation -Answer-social pressure (example of extrinsic motivation) incongruence -Answer-gap between a person's actual self and ideal self cornea and iris -Answer-can accommodate and focus incoming light rays retina -Answer-contains photoreceptors such as rods and cones, which detect light and transduces light to energy energy eventually becomes an action potential and the signal travels through the optic nerve and travels to the primary visual cortex vitreous humor -Answer-gel-like substance that is in the posterior segment of the eye lens -Answer-can focus the incoming light rats on the photoreceptors glass escalator -Answer-men who pursue occupations with mostly women, like teaching or nursing, will quickly ascend the career ladder with promotions confirmation bias -Answer-tendency to search for info that confirms one's pre