UNDERSTANDING PATHOPHSIOLOGY 6TH EDITION TEST BANK BY SUE E.HUETHER;KATHRYN L MCCANCE

UNDERSTANDING PATHOPHSIOLOGY 6TH EDITION TEST BANK BY SUE E.HUETHER;KATHRYN L MCCANCE TEST BANKFOR Understanding Pathophysiology 6 th Edition By: Sue E. Huether;Kathryn L. McCance PART ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Unit 1:The Cell Chapter1: Cellular Biology Chapter 2. Genes and Genetic Diseases Chapter 3.Epigeneticsand Disease (NEW) Chapter 4. Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology Chapter 5. Fluidsand Electrolytes, Acids and Bases Unit 2: Mechanisms of Self-Defense Chapter 6. Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing Chapter 7. Adaptive Immunity Chapter 8. Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense Chapter 9. Stress and Disease Unit 3: Cellular Proliferation: Cancer Chapter 10. Biology of Cancer Chapter11. CancerEpidemiology Chapter 12. Cancer in Children and Adolescents PARTTWO: BODY SYSTEMS AND DISEASES Unit 4:The Neurologic System Chapter13. Structure and Function of the Neurologic System Chapter 14. Pain,Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function Chapter15. Alterationsin Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamicsand MotorFunction Chapter 16. Disorders of the Centraland Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction Chapter 17. Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children Unit 5:The Endocrine System Chapter18. Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation Chapter 19. Alterations of Hormonal Regulation Unit 6: The Hematologic System Chapter 20. Structure and Function of the Hematologic System Chapter 21. Alterations in Hematologic Function Chapter 22. Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children Unit 7: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Chapter 23. Structure and Function of the Cardiovascularand Lymphatic Systems Chapter 24. Alterations of CardiovascularFunction Chapter 25. Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children Unit 8: The Pulmonary System Chapter 26. Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System Chapter 27. Alterations of Pulmonary Function Chapter 28. Alterations of PulmonaryFunction in Children Unit 9: The Renal and Urologic Systems Chapter 29. Structure and Function of the Renaland Urologic Systems Chapter 30. Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function Chapter 31. Alterations of Renaland UrinaryTract Function in Children Unit 10: The Reproductive Systems Chapter 32. Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems Chapter 33. Alterations of the Female Reproductive System Chapter 34. Alterations of the Male Reproductive System Unit 11:The Digestive System Chapter 35. Structure and Function of the Digestive System Chapter 36. Alterations of Digestive Function Chapter 37. Alterations in Digestive Function in Children Unit 12:The Musculoskeletaland Integumentary Systems Chapter 38. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Chapter 39. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function Chapter 40. Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children Chapter 41. Structure, Function,and Disorders of the Integument Chapter 42. Alterations of the Integument in Children Chapter 01: Cellular Biology Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A student isobservingacellunder the microscope. It is observed to havesupercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student? a. A single circular chromosome b. A nucleus c. Free-floatingnuclear material d. No organelles ANS: B Thecelldescribed isaeukaryotic cell, so it hashistonesandasupercoiled DNAwithin its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles. REF:p. 2 2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse describing whenan isolatedcellabsorbs oxygenanduses it to transform nutrients toenergy? a. Metabolic absorption b. Communication c. Secretion d. Respiration ANS: D The cell’s abilityto absorboxygen is referredto as respiration while its communication ability involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances. REF:p. 2 3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In whichregionof the cell would most of the genetic information be contained? a. Mitochondria b. Ribosome c. Nucleolus d. Nucleus Cytoplasm ANS: C The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the cell. REF:p. 2 4. Whichof the following canremove proteins attached tothe cell’s bilayer bydissolving the layer itself? a. Peripheral membraneproteins b. Integral membraneproteins c. Glycoproteins d. Celladhesion molecules ANS: B Proteinsdirectlyattachedto the membrane bilayer can be removed bythe actionof integral membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane. Glycoprotein marks cells and does not float. REF:p. 7 5. Whichof the following canbind toplasma membrane receptors? a. Oxygen b. Ribosomes c. Amphipathic lipids d. Ligands ANS: D Ligands are theonlyspecific molecules that canbind with receptorsonthe cell membrane. REF:p. 9 6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the Decreasedacellular mat fibronectinrix would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? b. Increasedcollagen c. Decreasedelastin d. Increasedglycoproteins ANS: A Onlya reducedamountof fibronectin is found insometypesofcancerouscells, allowing them to travel or metastasize. REF:p. 10 7. Whichform ofcellcommunication is used to relate toother cells indirect physicalcontact? a. Cell junction b. Gap junction c. Desmosome d. Tight junction ANS: A Cell junctions hold cells together andpermit molecules topass from cell to cell. Gap junctionsallow forcellularcommunicationbetweencells. Neitherdesmosomes nor tight junctions are associated with cellular communication. REF:p. 11 8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighboring alpha cells.This action is anexample of whichof the followingsignaling types? a. Paracrine b. Autocrine c. Neurohormonal d. Hormonal ANS: A Paracrinesignaling involves thereleaseof localchemical mediators that arequickly takenup, destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of glucagon. None of theother options involvesignaling that is associated witha localchemical mediator like insulin. REF:p. 12 9. Incellular metabolism, eachenzyme has a highaffinityfora: a. solute. b. substrate. c. receptor. d. ribosome. ANS: B Eachenzyme has a highaffinity for asubstrate,aspecific substance convertedto a productof the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and any of the remaining options. REF:p. 16 10. Anathleteruns a marathon, after whichhis muscles feel fatiguedandunable tocontract.The athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of: a. GTP b. AMP c. ATP d. GMP ANS: C When ATP isdeficient, impaired musclecontractionresults. Noneof theotheroptionsare involved in muscle contraction. REF:p. 16 11. Whichphase ofcatabolism produces the most ATP? a. Digestion b. Glycolysis c. Oxidation d. Citric acidcycle ANS: D Whilesome ATP isproducedduringtheoxidationandglycolysisphases, mostof the ATP is generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP. REF:p. 16